food principles

Question 1

function of fat

Answer 1

needed for enery,warmth,protection of organs, source of fat soluble vitamins

found in - sausages,bacon,lard,dairy products,oily fish,nuts,seeds,avodcados

Question 1

explain the difference between the terms macronutrients and micronutrients

Answer 1

macronutrients refer to carbohydrates ,protein ,fat which the body needs in large amounts

micronutrients refer to vitamin, minerals and trace elements which the body needs in small amount. They are measured in mg or up (microgram)

Question 2

what is vitamin a neededfor/found in

Answer 2

healthy immune system,helps us see in dim light

found in- dairy,eggs,oily fish,leafy vegtables,mango,apriocot

Question 3

what is vitamin c needed for/found in

Answer 3

fights infections,heals wounds

found in-oranges,blackcurrants,kiwi fruit,strawberries,brusselsprouts

Question 4

what is vitamin d needed for/found in

Answer 4

healthy bones and teeth

found in-oily fish,eggs,fortified magarines

Question 5

what is vitamin e needed for/found in

Answer 5

healthy skin and eyes,strong immune system

found in- plant oils,nuts ,seeds,wheat germ

Question 6

what is vitamin K needed for/found in

Answer 6

wound healing,bloody cotting

found in- brocili ,spinach,vegtable oils,cereal grains

Question 7

what is potassium needed for/found in

Answer 7

controlling body fluids,heart function

found in-bananas,brocoli,pulses,fish,meat,nuts and seeds

Question 8

what is phosphorus needed for/found in

Answer 8

body formation,energy release

found in-red meat,fish,dairy foods,brown rice,oats

Question 9

what is magnesium needed for/found in

Answer 9

energy release,bone health

found in-green leafy vegtables,brown rice ,whole grain

Question 10

what is sodium needed for/found in

Answer 10

balancing body fluid

found in-salt,proccessed,cure meats,savoury snacks

Question 11

what is iodine needed for/found in

Answer 11

hormone in thyroid

found in-sea fish,shellfish

Question 12

what is fluroide needed for/found in

Answer 12

preventing tooth decay

found in-tea,fish

Question 13

what does monosaccharides consits of

Answer 13

glucose-fruits,vegtables,honey
fructose-cane sugar,honey,corn,fruit ,vegtables
glacatose-not in foods-produced when lacotse is broken down in the body during digestion

Question 14

what does disarchrides consits of

Answer 14

sucrose-(the suagar we tend to use in cooking)GLUCOSE+FRUCTOSE
lactose-milk GLUCOSE+GALACTOSE
maltose-sweet potatoes,soyabeans,barley,wheat(GLUCOSE+glucose

Question 15

what does polysacharides consits of

Answer 15

starch-potoatoes,wheat,barley,oats
cellulose-fruit,vegtables,whole grains
pectin-fruit,vegtables

Question 16

how is glucose absorbed

Answer 16

glucose is absorbed directly into the blood streM

Question 17

how much sugar should a 4-6year old have daily

Answer 17

19g 5 sugar cubes

Question 18

how much sugar should a 7-10 year old have daily

Answer 18

24g 6 sugar cubes

Question 19

how much sugar should a 11-18 year old have daily

Answer 19

30g 7 sugar ubes

Question 20

what are intrinsic sugars

Answer 20

glucose,fructose,lactose,sucrose occur naturally in some foods such as fruit and some vegetables

Question 21

what are extrinsic sugars

Answer 21

they are added to food the main one is sucrose (white sugar) which come from sugar cane
also could be honey

Question 21

what is glycaemic index

Answer 21

ranking of carbohydrates foods based on their overalleffect on blood glucose levels
foods that are absorbed slowly have low gi rating

Question 21

what’s the difference between insoluble or soluble fibre

Answer 21

soluble fiber is broken downs by bacteria in the large bowel can them be digested
this fibre can reduce the levels of cholesterol in the blood

insoluble fibre is not easily broken down and passes through the body mostly unchanged
this helps the keep bowels healthy and prevents digestive problems like constipation and haemorriods

Question 21

why does the amount of protein needed in a diet vary with age

Answer 21

the amount of protein needed in a diet depends on a persons weight ,age and health

Question 22

how much energy does 1g of fat provide

Answer 22

37kj 9kcal

Question 23

whats trans fat

Answer 23

trans fat are vegetable oils which have been processes to make them hard. this is done by passing hydrogen through liquid oil this process of hydrogenation turns the liquid oil in solid or semi solid fat known as transfat

Question 24

what is low density lipoproteins

Answer 24

it is called bad cholesterol high levels of this can build up in your arteries leading to conary heart disease

Question 25

what is high density protein

Answer 25

is refered as good cholesterol and carries cholesterol from other parts of the body to the liver then the liver then processes it out of the body

Question 26

name fat soluble water vitamins

Answer 26

a d e k

Question 27

name water soluble vitamins

Answer 27

b group and vitamin c

Question 28

whats the difference between fat soluble and water soluble vitamins

Answer 28

water soluble aren’t not stored in the body so have to be eaten in the diet
fat soluble don’t need to be eaten everyday but are needed every day but can be stored in the liver and fatty tissues