Food , nutrition and health Flashcards
name the 3 macronutrients
protein
fat
carbohydrates
what are proteins made up of
made up of amino acids they can be thought of as the building blocks of life
why do we need proteins
growth
repair
maintenance
what are high biological value proteins (HBV)
contain all essential amino acids we need
animal sources
what are low biological value proteins (LBV)
missing one or more of the essential amino acids we need
only found in plant sources
what is protein complementation
if we don’t get enough HBV protein we have to combine different LBV proteins to get all essential amino acids in our diet
what happens when we eat too much protein
puts a lot of pressure and strain on the liver and kidneys which help process proteins and this can be dangerous
what happens when we are deficient in protein
slowed growth
immune system doesn’t work properly
wounds do not heal as quickly
struggle to digest food properly
what is TVP
textured vegetable protein
what do fats provide
energy
nutrients
insulation
what are fats made up of
fatty acids and glycerol in the form of glycerides
fatty acid chains are made up of carbon and hydrogen they can be saturated and unsaturated
what is saturated fats
classed as unhealthy fats especially if eaten in unhealthy amounts
solid at room temperature
what happens when you eat too much saturated fat
increase cholesterol levels
coronary heart disease
what percentage of our diet should fats be
35%
what happens when we eat too much fat
weight gain
obisety
type 2 diabetes
