Food Chain and Natural Disasters

Question 1

What is a food chain?

Answer 1

A food chain is the feeding relationship of a series of organisms. It shows the transfer of energy from one organism to another.

Question 2

What are the four parts of a food chain?

Answer 2

1. Producer (Carries out photosynthesis)
2. Primary Consumer (eats producer)
3. Secondary Consumer (feeds on primary consumer)
4. Tertiary Consumer (feeds on secondary consumer)

Question 3

Which of the following statements describes a green plant as a producer?

A. The plant produces carbon dioxide during respiration
B. The plant releases oxygen in the presence of sunlight
C. The plant is a source of food for consumers
D. The plant absorbs nutrients from the ground

Answer 3

C. The plant is a source of food for consumers

The plant synthesises food through photosynthesis and is eaten by animals.

Question 4

Which food chain is correct?

A. Grass -> Locust -> Chicken -> Snake
B. Snake -> Chicken -> Locust -> Grass
C. Grasshopper -> Chicken -> Grass -> Snake
D. Chicken -> Grasshopper -> Snake -> Grass

Answer 4

A. Grass -> Locust -> Chicken -> Snake

Locust eats grass and is eaten by a chicken. The chicken is eaten by the snake.

Question 5

Where are decomposers in the food chain?

Answer 5

They are at the end of the food chain.

Question 6

What do decomposers do?

Answer 6

They breakdown complex organic compounds from dead organisms into simpler nutrients which are returned to the environment and used again by plants.

Question 7

Which shape best shows the energy in a food chain?

Answer 7

A Pyramid is the best shape to show the energy in the food chain. As the producers produce more energy than the other parts of the chain and the energy is reduced as it reaches the end of the chain

Question 8

What happens to energy when it is transferred from one organism to another?

Answer 8

Energy is lost.

Energy is lost when it is transferred from one organism to an other.

Question 9

What would happen to the flow of energy if a population of an organism is affected by something?

Answer 9

The flow of energy will be disrupted.

Question 10

 /\
/D\      
/C \
/B\
/A\
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
Which level represents the primary consumer in this energy pyramid?

Answer 10

B.

Level B is the primary consumer as Level A is the producer.

Question 11

What are the effects of a Volcanic Eruption on the balance of nature?

Answer 11

1. It changes the physical condition of the Earth.
2. It destroys plants, animals and their habitats.
3. It emits a great amount of dust and smoke causes air pollution.
4. It Endangers the lives of humans.

Question 12

What are the effects of an Earthquake on the balance of nature?

Answer 12

1. It changes the physical condition of the Earth.
2. It destroys plants and animals thus disrupts the food webs.
3. It destroys habitats of organisms.
4. It causes buildings to collapse and may trigger a tsunami.

Question 13

What are the effects of Drought on the balance of nature?

Answer 13

1. It causes land to dry up which leads to the death of plants.
2. The decrease of producers causes other consumers to decrease thus disrupts the food webs.
3. Changes the environment of habitats when temperatures rise.
4. Climatic changes.
5. Human beings and animas die of famine when there is a drop in crop production.

Question 14

What are the effects of Flooding on the balance of nature?

Answer 14

1. Prolonged flooding causes animals and plants to die.
2. Too much water in the soil causes soil erosion and landslides.
3. Destroys habitats and disrupts the food webs.
4. Loss of property

Question 15

What are the effects of a Typhoon on the balance of nature?

Answer 15

1. It destroys buildings and houses.
2. It destroys habitats, plants and animals.
3. Death of plants and animals affect the food webs.
4. Loss of property

Question 16

What are the effects of Forest Fire due to Lightning on the balance of nature?

Answer 16

1. The forest, which is the habitat of animals and plants is destroyed.
2. Animals lose their habitats and have no food.
3. It destroys the food webs.
4. It creates air pollution.
5. It increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere leading to global warming.

Question 17

Name three natural disasters.

Answer 17

Any three of the following:

1. Volcanic eruption
2. Earthquake
3. Drought
4. Flood
5. Typhoon
6. Forest fire due to lightning

Question 18

What is a positive effect of Forest Fire?

Bonus Question

Answer 18

Despite the initial destruction of habitats, wildfires play an integral part in rejuvenation an ecosystem by consuming decaying matter, destroying diseased trees and related vegetation, creating conditions for new seedlings to germinate and by returning nutrients to the forest floor.

Question 19

What is a positive effect of Volcanic Eruption

Answer 19

The eruption of volcanoes and subsequent lava flow has an immediate negative effect on surrounding ecosystems, the forest habitat begins the process of re-colonization almost immediately. Many plants in the form of seeds and spores and animal species, particularly insect life such as crickets and spiders, arrive from adjacent areas to take up residence.

Question 20

What organisms make their own food with sunlight or chemical energy?

1. producers
2. primary consumers
3. secondary consumers
4. tertiary consumers

Answer 20

1. Producers, make their own food with sunlight or chemical energy.

Question 21

The organism at the base, or bottom, of an ecological pyramid is always one of the following.

A. producer.
B. carnivore.
C. animal.
D. herbivore.

Answer 21

A. producer

the base of the pyramid is a producer