Food and digestion Yr 8 Flashcards
Which nutrient is required for growth and body repair?
protein
Which nutrient group is required for energy?
carbohydrates
There are two types of carbohydrates - what are they?
starch and sugar
Lack of vitamin C in the diet causes - what?
Scurvy - bleeding gums is a symptom
Calcium is a mineral. What do you need calcium for?
Strong teeth and bones.
Name some foods that contain calcium
Dairy products - cheese, milk, yoghurt, cream
Name some foods that contain vitamin C
Citrus fruits (oranges, lemons, grapefruit)
Name some foods that are sources of protein
meat, eggs, beans, pulses, cheese, quorn, fish
Which enzyme breaks down protein?
protease
Which enzyme breaks down fats?
lipase
Which enzyme breaks down starch?
Amylase (and other carbohydrases)
Protein is a polymer. What are the monomers called?
Amino acids
When a lipase breaks down a fat, what is it broken down into?
fatty acids and glycerol
Starch is a polymer. What are the monomers called?
Glucose
glucose, sucrose and fructose are all
sugars
Name some foods that are sources of starch
bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, cereal
Where in the body is hydrochloric acid found?
In the stomach
Where, in the digestive system, are villi found?
Lining the small intestine
What is the role of the large intestine?
To remove excess water from the food passing through and make faeces
What is the name of the organ that produces insulin?
The pancreas
What is the name of the organ that produces bile?
Liver - stored in gall bladder
What is the name of the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach?
oesophagus or gullet
Some mechanical digestion goes on in the stomach. What is this?
Food is mixed and churned by movements of the muscular stomach wall.
Where are your salivary glands?
In your head, around your mouth
Name two units of measurement for energy.
joule (or kilojoule) and calorie (or kilocalorie)
