Food And Digestion Flashcards
Name the six major nutrients
Vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, protein, water
Carbohydrates
Sugars, e.g. Glucose and sucrose, starch (which is found in potatoes) fibre (which stops constepation)
Fats
Also called liquids e.g. Butter, lard, oil(cod liver oil)
Proteins
Meat, fish, eggs, milk help repair muscle tissue
Vitamin C
Found in citrus fruits, green vegetable, turnips. Function: to form connective tissue. Deficiency leads to bleeding gums and teeth loss (scurvy)
Vitamin D
“Sunshine vitamin” found in cod liver oil, super milk, and in sunlight. Its function is healthy teeth and bones, deficiency: rickets in kids and osteoporosis in adults. (Absorbs calcium)
Calcium
Is found in milk and cheese to form healthy bones in animals and cell walls in plant cells
Iron
Found in liver, green vegetables to form haemoglobin in red blood cells to transport oxygen around the body. Deficiency leads to anaemia (very tired)
Balanced diet
The right amount of each nutrients to stay healthy
Food pyramid
A guide to how each food should be eaten for a healthy diet
How many types of carbohydrates are needed in our diets and what are they called?
3, starch, sugars, fibre (roughage)
What does sugar and starch do?
They provide us with energy
What does fibre do for our body?
It passes through the digestive system to make sure it is in good working order and avoid constepation.
Why do we need fats in our body?
1) they store energy in our body
2) the layer of fat just under the skin provides instillation
Name the sources of fats
Milk, fatty meat, dairy products.
Why do we need protein in our diet
They help growth and repair
What are the sources of proteins?
Milk, fish, eggs, nuts, lean meat.
How much of our body is made up of water?
60-70%
Functions of water
Removes waste from the body, transports substances around the body, controls body temperature
Solvent
Water must dissolve substances so chemical reactions can occur in the cell.
Chemical energy
Food gives us the chemical energy we need for all our daily activities
A balanced diet is dependant on…?
A persons age(young people need more food than older people) sex (males ned more food than females) lifestyle and general health.
What do molars do?
Chewing, crushing and grinding food (very large)
Incisors
Teeth- used for slicing, nibbling food (sharp edges)
