Food And Digestion Flashcards
6 major nutrients
Carbohydrates,fat,protein,vitamins,minerals and water
Food is needed for
Energy,growth,and repair and protection from diseases
Carbohydrates
Sugar e.g. Glucose and sucrose,starch (potatoes) fibre (stops constipation)
Fats
Also called lipids e.g. Butter,lard,oil (cod liver oil)
Protein
Meat,fish,eggs,milk.Help to repair muscle tissue
Vitamin C
Found in citrus fruits,green veg,turnips. Function is to form connective tissue ,deficiency leads to bleeding gums and teeth lost (scurvy)
Vitamin D
Sunshine vitamin found in cod liver oil,super milk,and in sunlight .its function is healthy teeth and bones (absorbs calcium) deficiency leads to rickets
Calcium
Found in milk and cheese to form healthy bones in animals and cell walls in plant cell
Iron
Found in liver,green veg to form haemoglobin in red blood cells to transport oxygen around the body deficiency leads to anaemia ( very tired)
Balanced diet
The right amount of nutrients to stay healthy
Food pyramid
A guide to how much of each food you should be eaten for a healthy diet
Eating
Food is taken by the body
Digestion
Food is broken down
Absorption
Digested food passes into the bloodstream
Elimination
Getting rid of up digested food
Test for starch (bread)
Iodine blue/black
Test for reducing sugars (jam)
Benedict’s solution Heat gently. Blue -> brick red
Proteins (egg white)
Ether biuret reagent Blue-> violet
Fats (oil)
Rub onto brown paper Translucent spot
Stages of nutrition
Eat,digest,absorp,eliminate
Physical digest
Taking large pieces of food and breaking them down into smaller pieces happens in the:
Mouth (teeth)
Stomach (churning)
Chemical digestion
Uses enzymes. Enzymes are chemicals that speed up reactions without being used up in the reaction
Substrate enzyme product
Starch amylase maltose
Most chemical digestion happens in the
Small intestine
