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Food Tech > Food > Flashcards

Food Flashcards

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1
Q

Three main functions of food in the body

A
  1. Growth and development
  2. Provision of energy
  3. Repair and maintenance of energy cells
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2
Q

What is Caramelisation

A

Browning process caused by heat in sucrose

E.g toffees

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3
Q

What is dextrinisation

A

Browning produced by action of heat on starch

E.g bread and cakes

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4
Q

What is Crystallisation

A

Sugar is desolated into a liquid then heated. The liquid evaporates leaving the sugar to clump together

E.g boiled lollies

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5
Q

What is gelatinisation

A

Thickening or setting food. Starch and protein are used to thicken food

E.g cornflower to thicken gravy

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6
Q

What is denaturalisation

A

When the structure of the protein is altered in an irreversible way

E.g whisking eggs

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7
Q

What is Coagulation

A

When protein thickens and turns into a semi-solid mass

E.g scrambled eggs

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8
Q

What is syneresis

A

Seen when protein squeezes out the liquid product

E.g weeping of liquid from meringue on top of a lemon meringue pie

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9
Q

What is emulsification

A

The dispersal of fat and oil throughout a liquid

E.g mayonnaise

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10
Q

What are the 6 components of food?

A

Protein

Carbohydrates

Vitamins

Minerals

Water

Fibre

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11
Q

What if the role of protein in the body

A

Building and repair of all hard and soft tissue such as bone, teeth, muscle tissue and organs

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12
Q

What is the role of carbohydrates in the body

A

Source of energy in all cells of the body

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13
Q

What role does Vitamins play in the body

A

Cell division and growth

Healing wounds and burns

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14
Q

What role does minerals play in the body

A

Formation of bones and teeth

Fluid and electrolyte balance

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15
Q

What role does water play in the body

A

Maintain body temperature

To move waste from body

Carry nutrients around the body

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16
Q

What role does fibre play in the body

A

To keep the digestive system healthy

Stabilises glucose and cholesterol levels

17
Q

What is under nutrition

A

Individuals are malnourished, or suffer from undernutrition if their diet does not provide them with adequate calories and protein for maintenance and growth, or they cannot fully utilize the food they eat

18
Q

What is over nutrition

A

The amount of nutrients exceeds the amount required for normal growth

19
Q

Examples of under nutrition related Deseases

A

Anaemia

Anorexia

Bulimia

20
Q

Examples of over nutrition related diseases

A

Obesity

Type 2 diabetes

Colon cancer

21
Q

Outline the dietary guidelines

A
  • plenty of vegetables, legumes and fruits
  • plenty of cereals
  • include lean meat, fish and poultry
  • include milks, yogurts and cheeses
  • drink plenty of water
  • limit sat fat
  • choose low salt
  • moderate sugars
22
Q

Foods recommended for pregnancy/lactation

A

Protein

Iron

Calcium

Folate

23
Q

Foods recommended for infancy

A

Breast milk

Protein

Calcium

24
Q

Foods recommended for childhood

A

Energy giving foods

Protein

Calcium

Water

25
Q

Foods recommended for adolescents

A

Energy giving foods

Protein

Calcium

iron

26
Q

Foods recommended for adulthood

A

Well balanced diet

Reduction in kilojoules

27
Q

Foods recommended for older age

A

Nutrient dense

High fibre

High calcium

28
Q

What is digestion

A

The process of where food is Brocken down into smaller chemical units that may be absorbed and used by the body

29
Q

What is metabolism

A

Refers to the speed that food is Brocken down and used by the body

30
Q

What are some factors that influence food habits

A

Social practices

Religion

Geographically location

Economic situation

Technological development

Individual preferences

31
Q

What is obesity

A

Obesity is a condition that is associated with having an excess of body fat, defined by genetic and environmental factors that are difficult to control when dieting. Obesity is classified as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or greater

32
Q

Symptoms of obesity

A

Clothes feeling tight and needing a larger size.
The scale showing that you’ve gained weight.
Having extra fat around the waist.

33
Q

Results of obesity

A

The Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity. People who are obese, compared to those with a normal or healthy weight, are at increased risk for many serious diseases and health conditions, including the following: All-causes of death (mortality) High blood pressure (Hypertension)

34
Q

Treatment of obesity

A

Lifestyle change

Physical activity

Eating plan

Food Tech (1 decks)

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