Food Flashcards
Protein
Breakdown of amino acids which are used to form enzymes and proteins - for growth and repair
Lipids
Insulation, long term energy store
Vitamins A
Help cells grow, keeps skin healthy, helps eyes
Vitamin C
Healthy skin, protects cells, absorption of iron
Vitamin D
Helps absorb calcium, for strong bones and teeth
Calcium
Needed for strong teeth and bones, involved in blood clotting
Iron
Needed to make haemaglobin in red blood cells
Water
2/3 of the body, in cytoplasm of all cells, lost in respiration so must be replaced
Dietary fibre
Keeps bowels functioning, reducing the risk of bowl cancer, adds bulk to food so can be easily digestive system
Function of mouth
Where food enters the alimentary canal, mechanical digestion happens, bolus is created, amylase begins breaking down the food
Function of oesophagus
Moves bolus from mouth to stomach
How does from food move through the alimentary canal
Peristalsis
What is peristalsis
Wavelike contractions of muscles moving the bolus through the gut
Function of the stomach
Where food is mechanically digested and enzymes break it down on chemically
What is the name for the liquid food in the stomach
Chyme
Function of the pancreas
Produces amylase, proteases, lipase, insulin
Function of the small intestine
Digested food diffuses into the blood stream by the villi
Function of the large intestine
Where water is reabsorbed, faeces are then produced
What does amylase do
Turns starch to maltose
What does protease do
Turn protein to amino acids
What does lipase do
Turn lipids to fatty acids and glycerol
Carbohydrates
Releases energy in our cells allowing all life processes to take place
Where is bile stored
Gall bladder
Where is bile produced
Liver
What does bile do
Emulsifiers far, and provides alkaline conditions for the enzymes in the small intestine to work
