Foming A US Goverment Flashcards
Who wrote the bill of rights
James Madison
1st amendment
Freedom of :
- speech
- religion
- assembly
- press
- petition
2nd amendment
- Well regulated Militia
- rights to keep and bear arms
3rd amendment
Protection from having to quarter soldiers in your home
4th amendment
Protected against unreasonable search and seizures without a proper warrant
5th amendment
- can’t be charged with the same crime twice
- rights to not testify against one self
6th amendment
Rights to :
- speedy trial
- attorney
- being informed of the charges against you
7th amendment
The right to a trial by jury in a civil case where the amount involved is $20 or more
8th amendment
Protection from :
- excessive bail
Cruel and unusual punishment
9th amendment
Although the constitution lists specific civil right, it does not mean those not listed are not protected
10th amendment
Powers Not giving to the federal government are reserved to the state
New Jersey plan
- William Patterson
- unicameral
- equal representation
Connecticut Plan / Great Compromise
- Roger Sherman
- bicameral
- senate = equal representation
- house of representatives = based on population
Virginia plan
- James Madison
- Bicameral
- Based on population
Federalist
- strong federal/central government, weak state government
- loose rules
- white rich males can vote
Antifederalist
- weak federal/central government, strong state government
- stricter rules
- more common people can vote
Who wrote the Articles of Confederation
John Dickinson
Structure of government Aoc suggested
- central government
- unicameral
- 9 out of 13 states had to approve laws
What COULD congress do according to the AOC
- Wage war and make treaties
Send diplomatic representatives, borrow money
What could congress NOT do according to the AOC
- Collect taxes
regulate trade between states, enforce its own laws
Land ordinance of 1785
Public policy for western lands, provided for setting aside one section of land in each township for public education
Northwest ordinance of 1787
Set rules for creating new states , granted limited self-government to that developing territory and prohibited slavery in certain regions
4 problems with AOC
- Weak central/national government
- Financial problems : unpaid war debts, no power to tax, no money to pay people
- Problems with European nations : Europe don’t like new nations who can’t pay debts
- Domestic problems ( Shay’s Rebellion )
Shay’s Rebellion
Captain Daniel Shay’s led farmers in an uprising against high state taxes, imprisonment for debt and lack of paper money :
They stopped the collection of taxes
Result of Shay’s rebellion
Caused many people they need to meet to discuss the weaknesses of the AOC
Popular sovereignty
Power comes from the people
Limited government
Government can only do what people give it permission to do
Separation of powers
Powers are divided between separate branches of government
Checks and balances
Powers of each branch are crack and balances by the other branches
Federalism
Division of power between a central government and local government
Judicial review
Authority of Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional
3/5 compromise
Slaves would count as 3/5 a person for the House of Representatives and for tax purposes
Commerce and slave trade compromise
Congress would not tax state exports and the Slave trade would end in 1808
Fugitive slave clause
A Person Help to Service or Labour who fled to another state would be returned to their owner
How many states had to ratify constitution before it could go into effect
9 out of 13
Three branches of government
Executive
Judicial
Legislative
Executive
President , Vice president
Carries out laws
Judicial
Supreme Court
Evaluates laws
Legislative
Congress, house of representatives
Makes laws
