Foetal Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

In the foetal heart, what connects the umbilical vein (coming from placenta) to the IVC?

A

Ductus venosus

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2
Q

What is the importance of the ductus venosus?

A

Allows most of the blood from placenta to bypass the liver and go straight to heart

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3
Q

In the foetal heart, what connects the right atrium to the left atrium?

A

Foramen ovale

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4
Q

What is the importance of the foramen ovale?

A

Enables oxygenated blood entering RA (from IVC from umbilical vein from placenta) to enter LA, bypassing pulmonary circulation, i.e. oxygenated blood is not sent to the lungs

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5
Q

Once oxygenated blood has moved through the foramen ovale, where does it go?

A

Enters LV and pumped into the aorta to the body, importantly the brain

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6
Q

In the foetal heart, what connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta?

A

Ductus arteriosus

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7
Q

What is the importance of the ductus arteriosus?

A

Enables deoxygenated blood pumped through pulmonary artery to enter descending aorta to go to placenta to get oxygenated

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8
Q

Do the lungs take part in gas exchange in the foetus?

A

No, hence why the pulmonary circulation is cleverly bypassed in the foetal heart

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9
Q

What results in closure of the foramen ovale?

A

Baby’s first breath after delivery (usually)

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10
Q

What is the remnant of the umbilical vein in adults?

A

Ligamentum teres

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11
Q

What is the remnant of the ductus venosus in adults?

A

Ligamentum venosus

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