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NUR 51100 Concepts and Applications of Health Promotion for Advanced Practice Nursing > Focused Study > Flashcards

Focused Study Flashcards

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1
Q

Types of Macrocytic Anemia

A 
Vitamin B 12 Deficiency 
Folic acid Deficiency 
Hypothyroidism
dug-induced anemia
Reticulocytosis
Liver Disease
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2
Q

Types of Microcytic Anemia

A

Iron Deficiency
Lead poisoning
Sideroblastic
Genetic anomaly - sickle cell or Thalassemia

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3
Q

Types of Normocytic Anemia

A 
Reticulocyte Count - 
Chronic Disease
Blood loss
Infection
Aplastic Anemia
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4
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia

A 
Microcytic
Decreased MCV
Low MCH
High TIBC
Low Ferritin
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5
Q

B12 Deficiency Pernicious Anemia

A 
Macrocytic
Increased MCV
Normal or High MCH
High Ferritin
Low B12
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6
Q

Anemia of Chronic Disease

A

Normocytic

everything normal except H&H

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7
Q

Validity

A

a test that is able to classify a large portion of diseased and non-diseased individuals correctly.

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8
Q

Sensitivity

A

The number of diseased divided by the total number of individuals
Proportion of correctly classified diseased individuals.

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9
Q

Specificity

A

The number of correctly classified non-diseased divided by the total number of non-diseased individuals.

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10
Q

Adaptive immunity

A 
Natural
•	Passive (maternal)
•	Active (infection)
Artificial
•	Passive (antibody transfer)
•	Active (immunization)
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11
Q

Live vaccines

A 
LAIV (Live attenuated influenza vaccine), 
MMR, 
Var, 
Zos 
and/or yellow fever
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12
Q

IPV, MMR, Varicella

A

History of Anaphylactic reaction:

Neomycin

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13
Q

IPV, Smallpox

A

History of Anaphylactic reaction

Streptomycin, polymyxinB, Neomycin

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14
Q

Hepatitis B

A

History of Anaphylactic reaction

Baker’s yeast

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15
Q

Varicella

A

History of Anaphylactic reaction:

Gelatin, neomycin

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16
Q

MMR

A

History of Anaphylactic reaction:

Gelatin

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17
Q

Autonomy

A

rights of individuals and their right to determine their lives

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18
Q

Beneficence

A

doing good
• Screening
• Based on economic considerations

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19
Q

Non-maleficence

A

– do no harm

• Screening may foster anxiety or be painful

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20
Q

Justice

A

being fair and equitable

• What is the fair distribution of scarce resources

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21
Q

Veracity

A

tell the truth
• Unbiased information based on evidence
• Some cultures do not bale truth in cases of terminal illness

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22
Q

Vulnerable Populations at risk for health promotion

A 
o	Depressed
o	Job changes
o	Unemployed
o	Chronic illness
o	Martial crisis
o	LGBTIQ
o	Incarcerated
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23
Q

Primary Prevention

A

promoting optimum health before the onset of problems. Precedes disuse or dysfunction.

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24
Q

Secondary Prevention

A

early identification and treatment.

25
Q

Tertiary Prevention

A

restoration and maximizing potential

• Restoration and rehabilitation

26
Q

Healthy People 2020 4 Goals

A
  • Attain longer lives free from preventable disease.
  • Achieve health equity; improve the health of all groups.
  • Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
  • Promote quality of life across all life stages.
27
Q

Screenings

NEWBORN

A
  • PKU
  • Sickle Cell
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hearing
  • Developmental milestones
  • Wellness visits 1, 2, 4, 6, 9
28
Q

Screenings

Kids <5

A
  • Well Child Visits: 12, 15, 18, 24, 30 months, 3, 4 and 5 years
  • Developmental and Behavioral Screening at 9, 18, 24 or 30 months and each routine visits/wellness
  • Anemia Screening at 9-12 months routinely; and 1-5 years if at risk. Highest risk between 1 and 2 years(AAP)
  • Autism Screening 18 and 24 months
  • Lead Testing if indicated age 1 and 2 years old
  • Height/Weight/BMI: Every visit
  • Blood Pressure, Vision, Hearing: Around 3 years old
29
Q

Sceenings Kids 5 – 12

A
  • Yearly Wellness Visits
  • Height/Weight/BMI yearly
  • Blood Pressure yearly
  • Lipid Screening age 9 to 11 years
  • Dental Visits
  • Hearing and Vision Screening yearly
  • TB testing if At Risk
  • Hgb/Crit if At Risk
  • Diabetes Screening if At Risk
  • Drug/Alcohol Screening for At Risk
  • STI’s if at High Risk
30
Q

Screenings Adolescents

A
  • Yearly Wellness Visits
  • Height/Weight/BMI/Blood Pressure
  • Lipid Screening age 17-21 years
  • Hearing Screening 11 to 14 years, 15-17 years and 18 to 21 years
  • Vision Annually
  • Depression Screening at 12 yrs.
  • Alcohol, Tobacco and Drug Use Screening
  • HIV, Hep B, Hep C and STI Screening for At Risk
  • Diabetes Screening if At Risk
31
Q

Screenings Adults

A 
age for mammograms
o	21 to begin self exams
o	>50, yearly
age for Paps
o	21
32
Q

Influences that effect how we process information

A
  • genetics
  • environment
  • Societal Influences
  • Developmental level
33
Q

Teaching Kids

A
  • get them interested
  • simplify the task
  • maintain the pursuit of the goal
    -control frustration and risk through achievable goals
    demonstrate an idealized version on the act to be performed
34
Q

Teaching teens

A

• simple, concrete, today & tomorrow focus
- use physical advantages when listing Pros & Cons
- use peer situations
identify confidentiality boundaries

35
Q

Teaching Adults

A
  • active discussion and role play
  • present smaller amount of new material
  • help w/ synthesis, analysis and application
  • validate that they can learn
  • provide an environment that allows for sensory changes
  • provide visual information as well
36
Q

Families

A 
•	assessment
•	function
•	involvement with children
•	teaching
o	more effective
- resource for the individuals
- strong interrelationship between family &amp; health of it's member
37
Q

Physical activity

A

o children 60 minutes per week
o adults 150 minutes per week
• formula
o 220 – age X 0.6 = target HR

38
Q

Dash Diet

A

o Eat more fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy foods.
o Cut back on foods that are high in saturated fat, cholesterol, and trans fats.
o Eat more whole-grain foods, fish, poultry, and nuts.
o Limit sodium, sweets, sugary drinks, and red meats.

39
Q

Modifiable Risk Factors

A 
•	High cholesterol
•	Smoking
•	DM
•	Thyroid
•	30% unaware of thyroid issues
o	Contributing behaviors
•	Diet
•	Physical activity
•	37% of adults are obese
40
Q

Non-Modifiable Risk Factors

A
  • Age
  • Family hx
  • Genetic determinants
41
Q

CVD

A
  • Stage I HTN – 130 – 139/80 – 89
  • Implement lifestyle changes alone
  • Use BP meds w/ CVD, DM, CKD.
  • Stage II HTN >140/90
  • Reinforce lifestyle changes and initiate meds
42
Q

Benefits of Lowering B/P

A
  • Decreased CVA by 35 – 40%
  • Decreased MI by 20 – 25%
  • Decreased HF by 50%
43
Q

JNC - 8 Recommendations

>60

A

Goal: <150/90

44
Q

JNC - 8 Recommendations

<60

A

Goal: <140/90

45
Q

JNC - 8 Recommendations

Tx non-black

A

Thiazide type diuretic, CCB, ACE – 1 or ARB.

No beta-blockers for initial Tx, larger stroke outcome.

46
Q

JNC - 8 Recommendations

Black

A

Thiazide type diuretic or CCB

47
Q

JNC - 8 Recommendations

18 w/ CKD & HTN

A

monitor labs: place on ARB & ACEI

48
Q

Reduction of LDL w/ diet changes

A

8 - 14 mmHg

49
Q

Reduction of LDL w/ lower sodium, <2.4 GM/day

A

2 - 8 mmHg

50
Q

Reduction of LDL w/ physical activity, aerobic activity

A

4 - 9 mmHg

51
Q

Reduction of LDL w/ ETOH limited to 1 - 2 drinks

A

2 - 4 mmHg

52
Q

Pt. to receive Statins

A

o Dx atherosclerotic CV (ASCVD)
o Primary LDL >190 (high intensity statin)
o DM 40 -75 yr. w/ LDL 70 – 189. (moderate intensity statin)
o 10 yr. ASCVD > 7.5% (high intensity statin)
o < 75 yr. ASCVD → high intensity statin
o >75 yr. → moderate intensity statin, as tolerated

53
Q

High Intensity Statin

A
  • LDL lowered at least 50%
  • Atorvastatin 40/80mg
  • Rosuvastatin 20/40mg
54
Q

Moderate Intensity Statin

A
  • LDL lowered 30 – 50%
  • Atorvastatin 10/20mg
  • Rosuvastatin 5/10mg
  • Simvastatin 20/40mg
  • Pravastatin 40/80mg
  • Lovastatin 40mg
  • Pitavastatin 2-4mg
55
Q

Low Intensity Statin

A
  • LDL lowered <30%
  • Simvastatin 10mg
  • Pravastatin 10-20mg
  • Lovastatin 20mg
  • Fluvastatin 20-40mg
  • Pitavastatin 1mg
56
Q

Labs to check prior to Tx initiation Statin

A

o Fasting lipid
o A1C, if DM unknown
o ALT
o CK, if indicated

57
Q

Monitor response of Statin initiation

A

in 6 wks. and then routine q 6 – 12 months.

58
Q

Family Genogram

A

Family diagram that views the family from identification data that depicts each member of the family with connections between the Generations

NUR 51100 Concepts and Applications of Health Promotion for Advanced Practice Nursing (3 decks)

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