Focused Fundamental Exam 2

Question 1

Bronchial breath sounds

Answer 1

blowing follow sounds, auscultated over the larynx and trachea
Sound on expiration is longer, lower, and higher pitched than inspiration

Question 2

Bronchovesicular breath sounds

Answer 2

Medium-pitched, medium intensity, blowing sounds; auscultated over the first and second interspaces anteriorly and the scapula posteriorly.
Inspiration and expirations have similar pitch and duration

Question 3

Vesicular

Answer 3

Soft, low pitched, whispering sounds; heard over most of the lung fields.
Inspiration sound is longer, louder, and higher than expiration.

Question 4

Adventitious Breath Sounds

Answer 4

Wheeze, Rhonchi, Crackles, Stridor, Friction Rub

Question 5

Wheeze

Answer 5

Musical or sqeaking
High-Pitched, continuous sounds
Auscultated during inspiration and expiration
Air passing thru narrowed airways

Question 6

Rhonchi

Answer 6

Sonorous or coarse; snoring quality
Low-pitched, continuous sounds
Auscultated during inspiration and expiration
Coughing may clear the sound
Air passing thru or around secretions

Question 7

Crackles

Answer 7

Bubbling, crackling, popping
Low-to-high pitched, discontinuous sounds
Auscultated during inspiration and expiration
Opening of deflated small airways and alveoli; air passing thru fluid in the airways

Question 8

Stridor

Answer 8

Harsh, loud, high-pitched
Auscultated over inspiration
Narrowing of upper airway (larynx or trachea); prescense of foreign body in airway.c

Question 9

Friction Rub

Answer 9

Rubbing or grating
Loudest over lower lateral anterior surface
Auscultated during inspiration and expiration
Inflamed pleura rubbing against chest wall

Question 10

Decorticate

Answer 10

Abnormal pusturing, stiffening of the body with arms flexed toward chest, fists clenched, wrist and fingers bent.

Question 11

Decerbrate

Answer 11

abnormal body posture, arms and legs are extended, toes downward, head and neck arched backward.

Question 12

S1

Answer 12

Systole
Ventricles contract so mitral and tricuspid (av) valves are closed
and aortic and pulmonic (sv) valves are open

Question 13

S2

Answer 13

Diastole
Ventricles relax
So Mitral and Tricuspid (AV) valves are open to fill and Aortic and Pulmonic (SL) valves are closed to prevent outflow

Question 14

What part of the brain is affected if the patient is aphasic?

Answer 14

Frontal and Temporal Lobe
Broca’s area (Expressive)
Wernicke’s area (Receptive)

Question 15

Aphasia

Answer 15

impairment of language ability

Question 16

Types of Aphasia

Answer 16

Receptive and Expressive

Question 17

Receptive Aphasia

Answer 17

Not able to understand written or verbal speech

Question 17

Proprioception

Answer 17

ability to sense position, location, orientation, movement of the body as well as its parts and equillibrium

Question 18

Expressive Aphasia

Answer 18

Understand written or verbal speech but unable to communicate/speak