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NURS 3550 - Pharmacology > Focus from Dawn's review > Flashcards

Focus from Dawn's review Flashcards

1
Q

What is multiple sclerosis?

What is the primary drug used for treatment?

A

A chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder; damages myelin sheath of neurons.

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2
Q

What are the types of MS?
Differentiate.

A

Relapsing-remitting: recurrent relaspses separated by periods of recover

Secondary progressive: RR with worsened dysfunction

Primary progressive: steady intensifying of symptoms with no clear remissions, some plateaus occasionally

Progressive-relapsing: steady intensifying symptoms with exacerbations

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3
Q

How do you treat an acute episode of MS (relapse)?

A

Treat the symptoms by reducing inflammation with glucocorticoid IV.

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4
Q

What is mitoxantrone used for?

A

To treat symptoms of MS.

Immunosuppresant

Aggressive & damaging drug; can cause serious toxicity & heart damage.

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5
Q

What is interferon beta?

A

Treats symptoms of MS

Immunomodulator.

Reduces the frequency & severity of attacks.

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6
Q

What are some signs and symptoms of MS?

A

Paresthesias.
Muscle problems.
Visual impairment.
Bladder & bowel issues.

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7
Q

What is a common symptom / side effect of MS drugs?

A

Depression

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8
Q

Differentiate diabetes type I & II.

A

Type 1: genetic w/ no insulin production
Type 2: lifestyle w/ ineffective use of insulin / not enough

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9
Q

What types of insulin are available?
What are they called?

3 types

A

Fast acting - Lispro / aspart
Intermediate - NPH
Long acting - Glargine

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10
Q

What should you be concerned about when giving diabetic patients hypertensive meds?

What can hypertensive meds do?

A

Blood glucose.
Hypertensive meds mask symptoms of hypoglycemia.

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11
Q

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

What is the primary drug used for treatment?

A
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12
Q

Differentiate Addison’s disease & Cushings syndrome.

A
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13
Q

What is Congential Arenal Hyperplasia (CAH)?
What does it cause?

A
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14
Q

What is estrogen therapy used for?

A

To supress the symptoms of menopause.

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15
Q

What is estrogen progesterone therapy used for?

A

For menopausal women:
Decrease osteoporosis risk.
Improve healing.
Glycemic control.

Also used as cardiac protection UNDER the age of 50.

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16
Q

Oral contraceptives

A
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17
Q

What drugs can be used to prevent preterm labour?

A

Tocolytic agents - stops labour
Can prevent it with antibiotics; hydroxyprogesterone

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18
Q

What drugs can be used to prevent preterm labour?

A

Tocolytic agents - stops labour
Can prevent it with antibiotics; hydroxyprogesterone

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19
Q

What is the nurses priority for a postpartum patient?

A

Prevent hemorrhage.

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20
Q

??

A patient is on androgens, what symptoms are concerning?

What are androgens?

A

Nausea, anorexia, fatigue

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21
Q

??

A patient is on androgens, what symptoms are concerning?

What are androgens?

A

Nausea, anorexia, fatigue

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22
Q

If a patient is on steroids, what are you concerned about?

A

The liver function

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23
Q

What are the important contraindications for Sildenafil?

vs. cautions?

A
24
Q

What is benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)?
What is the primary treatment?

A

Enlarged prostate causing bladder issues.
Medication: Terozosin.

25
Q

What is benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)?
What is the primary treatment?

A

Enlarged prostate causing bladder issues.
Medication: Terozosin.

26
Q

What lab result is very concerning for a patient with HIV?

A

Very low helper T cells

27
Q

What it the typical immunization schedule for children?

Ages and vaccines required

A
28
Q

What can glucocorticoids treat?

A

Allergic rhinitis
Gout
Ulcerative colitis

29
Q

What is a side effect of glucocorticoids seen in children?

What can you do to prevent this?

A

Growth suppression.
Take every other day to prevent.

30
Q

What does methotrexate do?
What can it treat?

A

A Chemotherapy agent used to supress the immune system.
Treats cancer, arthritis, ectopic pregnancy

31
Q

What does methotrexate do?
What can it treat?

A

A Chemotherapy agent used to supress the immune system.
Treats cancer, arthritis, ectopic pregnancy

32
Q

What does methotrexate do?
What can it treat?

A

A Chemotherapy agent used to supress the immune system.
Treats cancer, arthritis, ectopic pregnancy

33
Q

What can be used to treat a main symptom of PUD?

A

An antacid (PPI) can be used to treat dyspepsia.

34
Q

What should be done before giving antibiotics?

A

Cultures should be obtained to determine the bacteria.

35
Q

What should be done before giving antibiotics?

A

Cultures should be obtained to determine the bacteria.

36
Q

What drug is used to treat bronchitis?

A
37
Q

What medication is used to treat COPD?

A
38
Q

What are the prototypes of penicillin?

A
39
Q

What bacteria is penicillin resistant?

A
40
Q

What do cephlosporins do?

A
41
Q

What drug is used to treat C. diff?

A

Flagyl

42
Q

What drug is used to treat C. diff?

A

Flagyl

43
Q

What drug is used to treat C. diff?

A

Flagyl

44
Q

What is Red Man syndrome?

A
45
Q

What is rhambdomyolysis?

A
46
Q

What do tetracyclines do?

A
47
Q

What is the primary treatment for MRSA?

A

Daptomycin

48
Q

What is the primary treatment for MRSA?

A

Daptomycin

49
Q

What is the primary treatment for a UTI?

A

Ciprofloxacin

50
Q

What is the primary treatment for a UTI?

A

Ciprofloxacin

51
Q

What are antifungal agents used for?

A
52
Q

What is the antidote for aspirin?

A

Sodium bicarbate

53
Q

What is the antidote for ….

A
54
Q

What is mitoxantrone used for?

A

To treat symptoms of MS.
It is an aggressive & damaging drug.

Can cause serious toxicity and heart damage.

55
Q

How do you treat an acute episode of MS (relapse)?

A

Treat the symptoms by reducing inflammation with glucocorticoid IV.

NURS 3550 - Pharmacology (4 decks)

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