Foam Applications Flashcards
____ term is used to describe the lowering of surface tention of water so that it will penetrate class A material fires.
Petrating.
A foam proporioner mixes foam concentrate and water to produce ________.
a foam solution
Finished foam is the result of what.
A foam solution mix aerated with air in the correct ratios.
________ refers to the increase in volume of foam solution when it is aerated.
Foam Expansion
What is the ratio for low expansion foam?
20:1
What classification of foam expansion is best for most class B fires?
Low expansion
What is the ratio for Medium expansion foam?
20:1 to 200:1
What classification of foam expansion is best for hazardous spills?
Medium expansion foam
What is the ratio for high expansion foam?
200: 1 to 1000:1
What type of foam would be used in a confined space?
High Expansion foam
What type of foam is used to suppress vapors from unignited flammable and combustible liquids?
Class B Foam
How does Class A foam work?
Class A foam has surfactants in it that reduce the surface tension of water.
This insulates the fuel preventing pyrolysis and ignition to fuels adjacent to the fire
What are the two types of liquid fuels that Class B Foam is effective on?
Hydrocarbon Fuels
Polar Solvents
What are hydrocarbon Fuels
Petroleum based combustible or flammable liquids that float on water.
What is an example of Hydrocarbon fuel?
Gasoline
What are Polar Solvents?
Flammable liquids that mix readily with water such as ethonal
What is an example of a Polar solvent?
Ethanal
How can AFFF foam be applied?
With either a fog nozzle or foam nozzles
______ describes the mixing of water with foam concentrate to form a foam solution.
Proportioning
A ______ type of foam will be created if there is a higher percentage of foam concentrate.
Dry Thick Foam
If you use a lower percentage of foam concentrate what will the result be?
A wet foam
Most class A foams are mixed in proportions of ________.
1 Percent or less
What class of foam is generally mixed in proportions from 1 to 6 %
Class B Foam
What are the three methods to which foam can be proportioned?
PIE
Premixing
Injection
Eduction
What are two examples of eduction foam proportioners?
Inline Eductors and Foam nozzle
The _____ method of proportioning foam uses an external pump or to force foam concentrate into the fire stream and the correct water ratio of water flow
Injection
What method of proportioning foam uses an external pump to force foam concentrate into the water stream.
Injection
Where are Injection foam proportioners most commonly found?
Apparatus mounted or fixed fire protection systems
What is the one of the most common methods of foam proportioning?
Premixing
What is an example of premixing foam proportioners
Fire Extinguishers
Vehicle mounted Tank systems
What is the most common type of foam proportioner used in the fire service?
In line eductors
______ is designed to be attached to the pump panel discharge outlet or connected some point along the hose lay.
In- line eductor
What are the three types of Apparatus mounted proportioners?
In line eductors
Around the pump proportioners
Balanced pressure proportioners
Fog nozzles used with foam solution will produce what kind of foam?
Low expansion, short lasting foam
What type of nozzle will create a low expansion, short lasting foam?
Fog nozzle
What is the most effective appliance for the generation of low, medium and high expansion foam?
Foam Nozzle
What type of nozzle will give you the highest quality foam?
Foam Nozzle
What is a disadvantage to a foam nozzle?
Limited reach
What type of foam application method is used for ignited or unignited fuel spill out in the open?
Roll on method
Where is the banked down method primarily used?
on fires contained in diked pools around storage tanks or fires with an elevated object near by
What is the primary method of foam application used on above ground storage tank fires?
Rain Down Method
Flammable liquids have flash points of less than _____°
100°
Can flammable liquids be ignited without being preheated?
Yes the can
_______ have a flash points higher than 100°
Combustible liquids
Can Combustible liquids be ignited without being preheated?
No, they must be preheated before they ignite.
What is your first action when you come up to a class B fuel spill?
determine the wind direction
Above what PSI defines a pressured vessel?
above 15 Psi
What does BLEVE stand for?
Boiling Liquid expanding Vapor explosion
What is the minimum time for tank failure on a 110 gal tank?
4 minutes
What is the necessary water flow for attack on a 110 gal tank fire?
50 gpm
What nozzles can be used with both Class A and B foam?
Fog Nozzles
Air aspirating foam nozzles, medium and high expansion devices
Will Class B foams that are designed solely for hydrocarbon fuels work on Polar solvent fuels?
No, the will not as general rule of thumb
What does AFFF stand for?
Aqueous Film Forming Fluroprotein Foam
How is foam harmful to the environment?
When foam degrades it consumes oxygen. If the foam reaches natural water sources it will use up the oxygen in the water resulting in harmful effects to wildlife.
If you wanted to create a dry thick foam that is suitable for exposure protection and fire breaks how would you do that?
Use a Class A foam with a higher percentage rate
What kind of foam is best to use on exposure protection or creation of fire breaks?
Dry thick foam that is mixed at a higher % rate that is closer to 1%
Would you want to use a dry thick foam or a wet foam on a fuel spill
Wet foam
