FO103 Flashcards
What is the velocity vector?
Where the aircraft is going. It is roughly approximated with the nose of the aircraft.
What is the lift vector?
The force used to make the aircraft turn. Its position is straight out the top of the canopy.
How do you control placement of the velocity vector? What about lift vector?
Velocity vector with flight controls.
Lift vector with ailerons.
How do you change the magnitude if the velocity vector? Lift vector?
Airspeed for the velocity vector
Elevator/changing G forces for lift vector
What is angle off?
The angle between number 1’s heading and number 2’s heading. Also called heading crossing angle (HCA)
What is aspect angle?
Angle between the longitudinal axis of number 1 to number 2. Its expressed in degrees in multiples of 10.
What is the 3/9 line?
Line extending out aircraft’s lateral axis (wingtip to wingtip). Number 2 must remain behind this line during maneuvering.
What’s turning circle?
Arc you’re flying as you turn where center is the center of the turning circle.
What is lead pursuit?
Placing your velocity vector in front of number 1
What is pure pursuit?
Placing your velocity vector in number 1
What is lag pursuit?
Placing your velocity vector behind number 1.
What makes pursuit curve relationships valid?
Must be on same side of turning circle as number 1.
What are the effects of lead, pure and lag pursuit with number 1 in a turn?
- Lead +aspect angle, +closure, -angle off
- Pure + closure only
- Lag -aspect angle, -closure, +angle off
What is line of sight?
Line from eyes to target.
What is line of sight rate?
How quickly line of sight is moving. It’s associated with movement in direction of canopy.
What is a pitchout?
A turn by both aircraft of approximately 180 deg using approximately 60 deg bank.
What is the pitchout visual signal?
Engine run up
How much does number 2 delay their turn for pitchout?
Prebriefed time (normally 5 seconds).
A 2-3 second delay for a pitchout results in how much spacing? A 5 second delay for a pitchout results in how much spacing?
1000-1500’
3000’
What are pitchouts used for?
Making spacing between number 1 and number 2. For practice rejoin or individual landings.
How does number 1 execute a pitchout?
Signal. Get acknowledgement from 2. Clear in turn direction. Roll into 60 deg bank. Turn 180 deg.
Can the degrees of turn for a pitchout be adjusted?
Yes, for weather, area orientation
How does number 2 execute a pitchout?
Acknowledge Get spacing time Keep number 1 in sight Clear and perform matching turn Roll out behind and below number 1's wake turbulence
When a pitchout is not feasible what does taking spacing mean?
Number 2 drops back to briefed spacing by using power, speed brake and maneuvering
What is a turning rejoin?
A constant bank turn flown by number 1 so number 2 can use geometry and power to resume fingertip.
How long should number 1 wait after completing pitchout to allow number 2 to roll out in trail?
At least 5 seconds. It can be increased for ops check or to adjust area orientation.
How do you signal for rejoin visually?
Large wing rock (60 deg or more) and start 30 deg bank turn in direction of rejoin.
What airspeed and bank angle should you fly for a rejoin?
180 KIAS or briefed airspeed, 30 deg of bank. If change rejoin airspeed by 10 knots or more call new airspeed.
Where should number 2 appear on the inside of your turn in a rejoin?
Just below the horizon at approximately a 3 to 4.5 aspect.
What two considerations must you have for leading a rejoin?
Area orientation and sun location
How should you place the sun for rejoins?
Point to the left of the sun for left turning rejoins and right of the sun for right turning rejoins.
What does number 2 do in a turning rejoin?
Go back to route position followed by fingertip position once in route.
How does number 2 do the rejoin?
Turn in same direction as number 1 and increase airspeed by 20 KIAS above rejoin airspeed and establish lead pursuit until at desired aspect angle.
What is the reference to reduce lead pursuit when doing a rejoin?
Vertical stabilizer of number 1 bisects outside wing
What will happen if you use too much lead pursuit?
It will increase aspect angle and closure quickly, force you to remove your bank, and increase your angle off so you’ll need a large heading correction.
What is the proper rejoin line?
Approximately a 30 deg aspect angle on number 1.
If aspect angle is too high what will number 1’s vertical stabilizer seem to be in reference to the wing? Too low?
Toward wingtip.
Toward wing root.
How do you correct for high aspect (ahead of the line)?
Reduce bank to reduce lead pursuit.
How do you correct for low aspect (behind the line)?
Increase bank slightly to generate more lead pursuit and check that airspeed is not slow.
How much lead pursuit and closure should you begin with?
Moderate amount and 20-30 knots of closure.
How do you control your airspeed in rejoin?
Power and speed brake.
