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FNP Review > FNP Pharm Review (Leik book) > Flashcards

FNP Pharm Review (Leik book) Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

Name 7 narrow therapeutic index drugs

A 
Warfarin
Digoxin
Theophylline
Tegretol 
Dilantin
Levothyroxine
Lithium
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2
Q

What drug interferes with garlic, ginger, gingko, ginseng?

A

Warfarin

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3
Q

What glitazone causes or worsens CHF? Side effects of this med?

A

Pioglitazone (Actos)

edema, weight gain, cough

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4
Q

Name 3 atypical antipsychotics. What are risks or side effects with these meds?

A

Risperidone, Olanzapine (Zyprexa), Quetiapine.

weight gain, increased BMI, DM2, hyperlipidemia

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5
Q

How should biphosphonates be taken?

A

Take before meal, with water (no juice, no other drugs)

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6
Q

Side effects of statins?

A

drug induced hepatitis, rhabdomyolysis if mixed with -azoles

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7
Q

Name a common lincosamide, and its common side effect

A

Clindamycin- risk for C diff colitis (give Flagyl & probiotics)

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8
Q

Why is digoxin given?

Sx of overdose?

A

SV arrythmias, heart failure, LV systolic dysfunction.

OD= n/v/abd pain, arrythmias, confusion, vision change (yellow-green), scotomas

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9
Q

What is the maximum time a pt can take Ketorolac?

A

5 days

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10
Q

Why shouldn’t you combine ACEI & ARBs with K-sparing diuretics?

A

risk of hyperkalemia

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11
Q

What is a side effect of Spironolactone?

A

Gynecomastia, galactorrhea

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12
Q

Name some phosphodiesterase inhibitors.

What should NOT be taken with these drugs?

A

Sildenafil (viagra),; Tadalafil (Cialis), Vardenafil (Levitra)

  • do not mix w/ nitrates, some alpha blockers
  • if erection sustained >4 hours, go to ED
  • don’t give within 3-6 months of MI or stroke
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13
Q

Patient is on coumadin, and INR is 5. What should he do with dosing?

A

INR 5= omit one dose, check INR

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14
Q

What are foods w/ Vitamin K? What do they do to the INR with pt on coumadin?

A

green leafy veggies (kale, spinach, collard greens, broccoli). These reduce warfarin’s effect, and decrease INR.

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15
Q

Which diuretics contain sulfa?

A

Thiazide (HCTZ, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide) & loop (lasix, bumex).

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16
Q

If allergic to sulfa but needs a diuretic, what to prescribe?

A

K-sparing (triamterene or Amiloride)

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17
Q

Side effects of thiazide diuretics?

A
  • Glucosuria, hyperuricemia, high cholesterol & LDL

- hypokalemia (arrythmias)

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18
Q

Antihypertensives that are ok to give in pregnancy?

A

methyldopa, beta blockers

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19
Q

What antihypertensives are NOT ok to give in pregnancy?

A

ACEI

ARBs

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20
Q

Contraindications for calcium channel blockers?

A

2nd & 3rd degree heart blocks, CHF, bradycardia

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21
Q

Contraindications for tetracyclines? Side effects?

A

Contraindications: Children <9; pregnancy; infancy

Side effects: permanent teeth discoloration, skeletal defects (if taken during pregnancy, infancy). Photosensitivity.

22
Q

Name an indication for Tetracyclilne.

A

Moderate acne, rosacea (if topicals do not work)

23
Q

Name 2 indications for Doxycyline

A 
Chlamydial infections (PID, cervicitis, atypical PNA)
Nongonococcal urethritis.
24
Q

What bacteria do macrolides typically cover?

A

Gram positive
Staph aureus
Strep pyogenes
Atypical bacteria

25
Q

Which macrolides should be avoided in pregnancy?

A

Clarithromycin, Telithromycin (Category C)

26
Q

What antibiotic to give to a pregnant woman with UTI?

A

Augmentin, Amoxicillin, cephalexin or fosfomycin

Avoid nitrofurantoin & sulfas during lats trimester (they increase bilirubin which can cause hemolysis if G6PD anemia)

27
Q

Name a first generation cephalosporin.

What is it used for?

A

Cephalexin

UTI in pregnancy, cellulitis, impetigo

28
Q

First line antibiotics for:

  • Strep throat?
  • Otitis media?
  • Rhinosinusitis?
  • Syphillis?
  • Erysipelas, cellulitis?
A

Strep- PCN VK

OM- Amoxicillin
Rhinosinusitis- Amoxicillin

Syphillis- Benzathine PCN G

Erysipelas/cellulitis- Dicloxacillin

29
Q

What to use if pt has penicillin allergy (ex., has strep throat but can’t use PCN)?

A

macrolide (e.g., biaxin, azithromycin)

30
Q

What are contraindications for fluoroquinolones?

A

Children <18
Myasthenia gravis
Pregnant, breastfeeding

31
Q

Antibiotic for anthrax infection and prophylaxis, and traveler’s diarrhea

A

Ciprofloxacin

Also give anthrax vaccine (3 dose series)

32
Q

Pt has cystic fibrosis and pneumonia, what antibiotic to give?

A

Ciprofloxacin

33
Q

What is levaquin used for?

A

CAP, pyelonephritis, epididymitis, prostatitis

34
Q

Adverse effects of quinolones

A 
hypoglycemia
CNS effects
QT prolongation
peripheral neuropathy
phototoxicity
achilles tendon rupture
35
Q

Name some sulfonamides

A

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

Erythromycin-sulfisoxazole

36
Q

What are contraindications for sulfa drugs?

A

G6PD anemia
newborns, infants
pregnancy in 3rd trimester (increased risk of bili)
UTI on warfarin (bactrim increases bleeding risk)

37
Q

What are common uses for Bactrim

A

pneumocystis jirovecci prophylaxis/treatment
MRSA cellulitis
UTI, pyelonephritis

38
Q

Who should not use decongestants (e.g., sudafed, phenylephrine)

A

HTN, CAD, MI, angina

39
Q

What are NSAIDs that can be prescribed for pts at high risk of bleeding?

A

Cox-2 inhibitors

Celecoxib (celebrex

40
Q

What is capsaicin topical used for?

A 
Muscle &amp; joint pain
neuropathic pain (postherpetic neuralgia, trigeminal neuralgia)
41
Q

What type of prevention is this:

giving a post-MI patient aspirin

A

Secondary prevention

42
Q

What drugs require regular eye exams?

A 
digoxin
ethambutol
linezolid
corticosteroids
fluoroquinolone
viagra, cialis, levitra
accutane (cataracts, decreased night vision)
Topamax (glaucoma, increased ICP)
plaquenil
43
Q

Name schedule I drugs

A

illegal to prescribe

heroin, ecstasy, MDMA, PCP

44
Q

Name schedule II drugs

A

Demerol, dilaudid, oxycontin, cocaine, amphetamines

45
Q

schedule III drugs

A

tylenol w/ codeine, vicodin, anabolic steroids

46
Q

schedule IV drugs

A

benzos, ambien, lunesta, soma

47
Q

schedule v drugs

A

cough meds w/ less than 200 mg codeine; lomotil; lyrica

48
Q

What is feverfew used for?

A

migraines

49
Q

What is saw palmetto used for?

A

BPH sx

50
Q

What is st. johns wort used for?

A

depression (dont use w/ SSRI, imitrex)

51
Q

What is cinnamon used for?

A

diabetes, cholesterol

52
Q

What is turmeric used for?

A

alzheimers, arthritis, cancer

FNP Review (2 decks)

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