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Maternal > FNC 1 > Flashcards

FNC 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What elevated lactic acid level indicates sepsis in pregnancy?

A

> 20 mg or > 2 mmOL

Elevated lactic acid can be a sign of sepsis in pregnant individuals.

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2
Q

What is the priority intervention for a patient with elevated lactic acid?

A

IV Fluids 2L Bolus ASAP

Rapid fluid resuscitation is critical in managing sepsis.

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3
Q

What is the gestational period for a typical pregnancy?

A

40 weeks

Pregnancy is typically divided into three trimesters.

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4
Q

Define ‘Gravida’.

A

Number of pregnancies the client has had (current included)

This term is used to describe a woman’s pregnancy history.

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5
Q

Define ‘Parity’.

A

Number of pregnancies where the fetus has reached beyond 20 weeks regardless of outcome

Parity reflects the number of viable pregnancies.

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6
Q

What term describes a female who has never been pregnant?

A

Nulligravida

This term is crucial for understanding a patient’s obstetric history.

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7
Q

What is the significance of 24 weeks in pregnancy?

A

Age of Viability

This is the point at which a fetus can potentially survive outside the womb.

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8
Q

Fill in the blank: The 20-week mark in pregnancy is considered the _______.

A

Halfway point

This is often referred to as the ‘Green Light’ for labor and delivery.

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9
Q

What is Naegele’s Rule used for?

A

Calculating Estimated Due Date (EDD)

It uses the Last Menstrual Period (LMP) to estimate the delivery date.

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10
Q

What are positive signs of pregnancy?

A
  • Visualization of fetus via ultrasound
  • Auscultation of fetal heart tones
  • Visualization or palpation of fetal movement

These signs confirm pregnancy and are assessed by healthcare providers.

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11
Q

What cardiovascular change occurs during pregnancy?

A

Increase in blood volume

This change is necessary to support the growing fetus.

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12
Q

What is Supine Hypotension?

A

Hypotension caused by pressure on the vena cava when lying supine

Pregnant individuals should avoid lying flat on their backs.

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13
Q

What is ‘Striae Gravidarum’?

A

Stretch marks that occur during pregnancy

These are common skin changes due to stretching.

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14
Q

What is the recommended weight gain during pregnancy?

A

Regulated weight gain, should be a trend, NOT a lot at once

Rapid weight gain can indicate fluid overload or other issues.

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15
Q

What is PICA in pregnancy?

A

Craving and eating non-nutritional items

This can be a sign of anemia.

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16
Q

What should be avoided to reduce the risk of listeria during pregnancy?

A
  • Lunch Meat
  • Hotdog
  • Raw Cheese
  • Unpasteurized Products

These foods can harbor harmful bacteria.

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17
Q

What is the purpose of the TDAP vaccine during pregnancy?

A

To protect against pertussis

It is recommended to be given in the third trimester.

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18
Q

What are warning signs in the first trimester of pregnancy?

A
  • Severe Vomiting
  • Chills/Fever
  • Burning with Urination
  • ABD Cramping and/or Bleeding
  • Severe Unilateral Pain

These symptoms may indicate complications.

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19
Q

What is the expected respiratory rate for a newborn?

A

30-60 breaths per minute

Monitoring respiratory rate is critical in assessing newborn health.

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20
Q

What does TTN stand for in newborns?

A

Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn

This condition may present shortly after birth but usually resolves quickly.

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21
Q

What is the significance of the ‘Golden Hour’ after birth?

A

Most Critical Hour for newborn stability

Temperature regulation is a priority during this time.

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22
Q

What is the normal fetal heart rate range?

A

120-160 bpm

Monitoring heart rate helps assess fetal well-being.

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23
Q

What is the purpose of Vitamin K for newborns?

A

To prevent hemorrhagic disorders

Newborns are given Vitamin K due to a sterile gut.

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24
Q

What is the expected pattern for jaundice in newborns?

A

Physiologic jaundice peaks at day 3-5 in term babies

Pathologic jaundice occurs before 24 hours of life.

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25
Q

What are the signs of respiratory distress in a newborn?

A
  • Nasal Flaring
  • Retractions
  • Grunting
  • Pallor
  • Cyanosis
  • Apnea longer than 15 seconds
  • Bradycardia

These signs require immediate assessment.

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26
Q

What should be used if Ballader score/age differs from Pre-Natal records by more than 2 weeks?

A

Use Ballader’s score/age

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27
Q

What is the first step to check during a physiological assessment?

A

Temperature

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28
Q

What should be prioritized if the assessment indicates the condition has ‘gone to SHIT’?

A

Respiratory (ABC)

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29
Q

What is the intervention for the first 2 hours after birth?

A

Airway Maintenance

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30
Q

What is the GOLD standard for maintaining temperature in newborns?

A

Skin to Skin with a blanket and hat

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31
Q

When to initiate breastfeeding?

What is the sniff position?

A

Golden Hour (start within 30 minutes)

Nipple should NOT be pinched after breastfeeding

32
Q

How many ID bands are required for a newborn?

A

4 total: 2 on baby, 1 for each parent

33
Q

What is the purpose of Vitamin K (Phytonadione) for newborns?

A

Helps with clotting factors and prevents brain bleeds

34
Q

Common Newborn Problems occur within 2 Hours; What is a physiological problem that you can see and is tested in 24 Hours?

A

Hyperbilirubinemia

35
Q

What should be done if a newborn has jaundice?

A

Use Bili Lights

36
Q

What is the expected difference in the Critical Congenital Heart Disease (CCHD) test between pre and post ductal measurements?

A

Should only be 3% difference

37
Q

What should be verified to prevent infant abduction?

A

ID Bands and ‘Baby Trackers’

38
Q

What are the components of the BUBBLE HE assessment?

A
  • Breasts
  • Uterus
  • Bowel
  • Bladder
  • Lochia
  • Emotions
  • Hematomas/episiotomy/lacerations
39
Q

What is the purpose of the RhoGam shot?

A

Prevent formation of RH antibodies; CRUCIAL for future pregnancies

40
Q

What are the warning signs for postpartum complications?

A
  • Pain in chest
  • Obstructed breathing/SOB
  • Seizures
  • Thoughts of hurting self or baby
  • Bleeding soaking through one pad/hour
  • Incision not healing
  • Red or swollen leg that is painful
  • Temperature of 100.4 F or higher
  • Severe headache with vision changes
41
Q

What should be included in discharge teaching regarding infant nutrition?

A

Breastfeed exclusively for 6 months and introduce food at 6 months

42
Q

What to do if a newborn is experiencing central cyanosis?

A

No Loose Things; Pacifiers HELP; want Fan; lay on back

43
Q

What is the recommended position for a newborn during sleep?

A

On BACK to sleep

44
Q

What are the signs of postpartum hemorrhage?

A

More than 1000 mL total blood loss or 500 mL in vaginal delivery

45
Q

What should be done if the fundus is not contracted or firm?

A

Massage the fundus

46
Q

What indicates potential subinvolution of the uterus?

A

If the fundus goes up instead of down

47
Q

What is the key to effective breastfeeding management?

A

Initiate breastfeeding within the golden hour

48
Q

What should be avoided when expressing breast milk?

A

Microwaving the milk

49
Q

What is the danger of not monitoring for excessive lochia?

A

It could indicate postpartum hemorrhage

50
Q

What can be used for pain management after a C-section?

A

Acetaminophen, Tylenol

51
Q

What is the expected color of lochia during the postpartum period?

A

Rubra, Serosa, Alba

52
Q

What is a common risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage?

A

Uterine atony

53
Q

What should be done for a newborn experiencing jaundice?

A

Provide phototherapy and monitor bilirubin levels

54
Q

Fill in the blank: The first sign of hunger in a newborn is _______

A

Hand to Mouth

55
Q

True or False: Skin-to-skin contact is not beneficial for a fussy baby.

56
Q

What should be done to prevent infant abduction in a hospital setting?

A

Educate staff and check ID bands regularly

57
Q

What is the recommended hydration for breastfeeding mothers?

A

1 gallon and ½ of fluids per day

58
Q

What should be monitored in the event of postpartum complications?

A

Vital signs, pain, and emotional state

59
Q

What is a key intervention to support a mother’s milk supply?

A

Frequent breastfeeding or pumping

60
Q

Hypovolemic shock?

A

Low Blood Volume; ^ HR RR; Low BP, O2, Urine Output, Pallor, weak pulses, crackles in lungs; Anxiety, dizzy, Nausea

EMERGENCY CALL RAPID

61
Q

List the vital signs that increase in hypovolemic shock.

A
  • Heart Rate (HR)
  • Respiratory Rate (RR)

These changes occur as the body attempts to compensate for low blood volume.

62
Q

What are common physical signs of hypovolemic shock?

A
  • Pallor
  • Cool, clammy skin
  • Weak/Thready pulses
  • Capillary refill time greater than 3 seconds
  • Anxiety and restlessness
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea

These symptoms indicate reduced blood flow and perfusion.

63
Q

What actions should be taken in a hypovolemic shock emergency?

A
  • Call for help
  • Monitor vital signs
  • Administer oxygen
  • Perform fundal massages
  • Express clots
  • Save and weigh all blood loss
  • Prepare for transfusion

Immediate intervention is crucial to prevent further complications.

64
Q

Fill in the blank: In hypovolemic shock, blood pressure and urine output _______.

A

decrease

This reflects the body’s response to low blood volume.

65
Q

What is the first nursing intervention for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH)?

A

Plug the hole, fill the tank

The uterus is referred to as the ‘hole’ in this context.

66
Q

What medications are used for postpartum hemorrhage?

A
  • Oxytocin
  • Misoprostol (Cytotec)
  • Carboprost (Hemabate)
  • Methylergonovine (Methergine)
  • Tranexamic Acid (TXA)

These medications help to promote uterine contractions and reduce bleeding.

67
Q

What are the contraindications for Misoprostol (Cytotec)?

A

4th degree laceration

Caution is required due to potential complications.

68
Q

What is the #1 sign of pulmonary embolism?

A

Hypoxemia

This is a critical indicator of compromised oxygenation.

69
Q

List the symptoms of pulmonary embolism.

A
  • Restlessness
  • Agitation
  • Mental status changes
  • Chest pain
  • Shortness of breath (SOB)
  • Tachypnea
  • Tachycardia
  • Coughing up bloody sputum

These symptoms can vary in severity and require immediate medical attention.

70
Q

What is the treatment for a urinary tract infection (UTI) postpartum?

A
  • Antibiotics
  • Increase fluids

Urinary tract infections can result from various factors including catheters and pelvic exams.

71
Q

What are signs and symptoms of endometritis?

A
  • Foul-smelling lochia
  • Fever
  • Tachycardia
  • Elevated WBC over 10,000
  • Uterine pain/tenderness

Endometritis is an infection of the uterine lining and can be serious if not treated.

72
Q

What is the intervention for mastitis?

A
  • Continue breastfeeding
  • Apply warm, moist compresses
  • Increase fluid intake
  • Wash hands
  • Avoid tight bras

Proper technique in breastfeeding is crucial to prevent and manage mastitis.

73
Q

What is postpartum depression (PPD)?

A

A mood disorder lasting longer than 2 weeks postpartum characterized by debilitating symptoms

Symptoms include apathy, anxiety, and persistent sadness.

74
Q

What are the signs of postpartum psychosis?

A
  • Delusions
  • Hallucinations
  • Paranoia
  • Confusion

This condition is a severe mental health emergency requiring immediate intervention.

75
Q

What is the treatment for postpartum psychosis?

A
  • Inpatient hospitalization
  • Therapy and medications
  • Psychiatric care

Immediate care is critical for safety of the mother and baby.

Maternal (1 decks)

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