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Question 1

Imperialism

Answer 1

New politicial-economic system on an expansionist policy of strong countries having economic and military control over countries less developed.

Question 2

Financial Capital

Answer 2

Fusion of banking capital and industrial capital.

Question 3

Why was England the hegemonic power of the 19th Century?

Answer 3

• Enourmous economic growth
• Technological advances related to industry
• Powerful naval fleet
• Solid financial system.

Question 4

Describe the conditions of Japan previous to its modernization.

Answer 4

It remained isolated from western trade and culture up to the first half of the 19th century and was never occupied by an European country.

Question 5

Bourgeoisie

Answer 5

Large profits, opulent lifestyle, comfort and human progress

Question 6

Working Class

Answer 6

Unemployment, low wages, life of misery.

Question 7

What is Mutualism?

Answer 7

System of solidarity created by workers to provide mutual aid in the event of illness, accidents, or loss of employment.

Question 8

Explain the main ideas of Socialism and Anarchism, and who their main expositors were.

Answer 8

Anarchism: proclaimed a new society , that of free men, no social classes, private property and no state. (Russian Revolutionary Mikhail Bakunin)
Socialism: Class conflicts are the driving force of history, confrontation between two antagonistic groups. (Germans, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels)

Question 9

What use did countries do from Education? Who was responsible for it before the state, and when did it become mandatory in Mexico?

Answer 9

To prepare people to meet the demands of industrial development and would form a national identity since it would be used to teach national values.
The parents and the Church.

Question 10

What is a Multinational State?

Answer 10

A State made up of different nations with their own cultures, but only one of these had political, military and cultural control over the weake

Question 11

Make a list of the most important Multi-National states and the nationsthat belonged to each of them.

Answer 11

Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Russian Empire.
Ottoman Empire.

Question 12

Write the main idea of the philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder.

Answer 12

“All genuine cultures must have their own roots, in other words, culture requires a nation to give it life”

Question 13

Describe the unification process of Italy and Germany.

Answer 13

ITALY: In 1859, King Victor Manuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia, with the help of France was able to achieve the independence of Italy´s northern territories after a war against Austria. Meanwhile in the south Giusseppe Garibaldi and his redshirts, occupied Sicily in 1860.
GERMANY: The wars that Prussia fought that were decisive for the unification were the second Schleswig War in 1864 against Denmark, the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, and lastly, the Franco-Prussian War in 1870

Question 14

Define Liberalism, Constitutionalism and Universal Suffrage.

Answer 14

LIBERLISM: It established the idea of sovereignty, which states that all citizens should have the same rights and obligations, and the division of powers.
CONSTITUTIONALISM: Established the rights of the citizens of a nation, restricted the power of governments by voting. Establishes the respect for the traditions and customs trough a Constitution.
UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE: Universal right to vote. All citizens are allowed to vote.

Question 15

Describe the characteristics of both political parties, Conservatives and Liberals.

Answer 15

CONSERVATIVES: They favored centralist government that would ensure the colonial system was maintained, and maintain the privileges enjoyed by some. Maintain military and ecclesiastical corporate structure, social hierarchy.
LIBERALS: Federalist regime, economic and political liberty, separation of Church and State, take away the privileges of the clergy and military, and equality amog citizens in the eyes of the law.

Question 16

Name 4 Dictators in Latin American history.

Answer 16

Porfirio Diaz and Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (Mexico)
Vicente Gomez (Venezuela)
Manuel Estrada Cabrera (Guatemala)
Gaspar Rodriguez (Paraguay)
Juan Manuel Rosas (Argentina)

Question 17

Mention 3 territorial disputes in America and their final outcomes.

Answer 17

War of the Triple Alliance (Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay) against Paraguay in 1865.
The dispute of Chile against Peru and Bolivia in 1874 over a territory to the north that was finally annexed to Chile, resulting in Bolivia losing access to the sea.
The southern regions of Mexico separated to form the new countries of Guatemala and Belize. In the north of México,Texas achieved its independence and annexed to the USA.

Question 18

Explain the relationship between slavery and the Civil War in the USA.

Answer 18

The history of the USA was closely tied to slave trading from the 16th to the 19th century. The northern states (urban, industrial and wageworkers) were against slavery. The southern states (agricultural, countryfield and slaves labor) based their economy in the handworking of slaves. That is why, when the north tried to abolish slavery, they wanted their independence and started the Civil War.

Question 19

Make a list of the countries that belonged to the Triple Alliance and The Triple Entente

Answer 19

TRIPLE ALLIANCE: Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy

TRIPLE ENTENTE: England, France and Russia

Question 20

Describe the political and economic causes that led to the world crisis and the final trigger that fired the World War I.

Answer 20

In 1908, Austria-Hungary annexed the territories of Bosnia-Herzegovina, harming the interests of Russia, which intended to control the Balkans. The annexation of these territories strengthened the role of Germany and Austria-Hungary in European politics to the detriment of the interests of the Entente. The control of the Balkans grew into the crisis that led to the World War I. The final trigger that started the war was the assassination of the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, in Sarajevo, capital of Bosnia, by Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian nationalist.

Question 21

Second Industrial Revolution

Answer 21

Use of new sources of energy, like electricity and oil, instead of coal and steam. This change revolutionized the lives of all people around the world. The invention of the voltaic pile allowed humans to continuos electric. Invention of telegraph, telephone, lighting of streets and homes, the street car and the cinematography.