FN Flashcards

1
Q

Function of water in the body fluids

A
  • carries nutrients and wastes
  • maintains structure of lg molecules
  • acts as a lubricant and cushion
  • aid in metabolic reactions
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2
Q

Function of water in fluid balance

A
  • solvent for vitamins and minerals
  • regulates body temp
  • maintains blood volume
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3
Q

Proportions of water in body composition

A

males higher than females
lean individuals higher than obese
elderly higher than infants
teens higher than elderly

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4
Q

Intracellular fluid

A

fluid inside the cell

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5
Q

Extracellular fluid

A

fluid outside the cell

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6
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

fluid surrounding the cell

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7
Q

Intravascular fluid

A

fluid in the blood

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8
Q

Electrolyte balance

A

electrolytes facilitate movement of molecules across the selectively permeable membrane

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9
Q

Electrolytes inside the cell

A

potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), phosphate (P) and sulfate (S)

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10
Q

Electrolytes outside the cell

A

sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) and calcium (Ca)

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11
Q

Electrolyte imbalance: diarrhea & vomitting

A

osmosis moves water out of the cell, electrolytes and water needed to rehydrate

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12
Q

Hormones involved in fluid balance

A

antidiuretic hormone (ADH), renin, aldosterone, angiotensin

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13
Q

ADH

A

released due to dehydration
signalled by hypothalamus
conserves water & excretes potassium

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14
Q

Renin

A

enzyme released when BP is low
signalled by kidney cells
reabsorbs sodium, thus water
angiotensinogen to angtiotensin 1
stimulates adrenal glands to release aldosterone
signals kidneys to excrete potassium

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15
Q

Angiotensin 2

A

constricts blood vessels, increases BP

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16
Q

Fluid balance proportions

A

2/3 intracellular fluid
1/3 extracellular fluid