FN

Question 1

Function of water in the body fluids

Answer 1

• carries nutrients and wastes
• maintains structure of lg molecules
• acts as a lubricant and cushion
• aid in metabolic reactions

Question 2

Function of water in fluid balance

Answer 2

• solvent for vitamins and minerals
• regulates body temp
• maintains blood volume

Question 3

Proportions of water in body composition

Answer 3

males higher than females
lean individuals higher than obese
elderly higher than infants
teens higher than elderly

Question 4

Intracellular fluid

Answer 4

fluid inside the cell

Question 5

Extracellular fluid

Answer 5

fluid outside the cell

Question 6

Interstitial fluid

Answer 6

fluid surrounding the cell

Question 7

Intravascular fluid

Answer 7

fluid in the blood

Question 8

Electrolyte balance

Answer 8

electrolytes facilitate movement of molecules across the selectively permeable membrane

Question 9

Electrolytes inside the cell

Answer 9

potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), phosphate (P) and sulfate (S)

Question 10

Electrolytes outside the cell

Answer 10

sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) and calcium (Ca)

Question 11

Electrolyte imbalance: diarrhea & vomitting

Answer 11

osmosis moves water out of the cell, electrolytes and water needed to rehydrate

Question 12

Hormones involved in fluid balance

Answer 12

antidiuretic hormone (ADH), renin, aldosterone, angiotensin

Question 13

ADH

Answer 13

released due to dehydration
signalled by hypothalamus
conserves water & excretes potassium

Question 14

Renin

Answer 14

enzyme released when BP is low
signalled by kidney cells
reabsorbs sodium, thus water
angiotensinogen to angtiotensin 1
stimulates adrenal glands to release aldosterone
signals kidneys to excrete potassium

Question 15

Angiotensin 2

Answer 15

constricts blood vessels, increases BP

Question 16

Fluid balance proportions

Answer 16

2/3 intracellular fluid
1/3 extracellular fluid