FMS Week 8 Review

Question 1

Where do APCs first present the antigens of a microbial agent to a naive T cell in a primary immune response?

Answer 1

in the paracortex of the draining LN

Question 2

Where do B cells get activated

Answer 2

in the subcapsular sinuses of the draining LN

Question 3

What hangs out in the LN follicles

Answer 3

B cells

Question 4

What soluable factors are secreted by infected cells to precent virus spread

Answer 4

Type 1 interferon

Question 5

a previously healthy 8 year old boy is infected with an upper resp tract virus for the first time. During the first few hours of infection, which of the following events occurs?

The adaptive immune system responds rapidly to the virus and controls viral replication

the innate immune system responses rapidly to the viral infection and limits the spread of the virus

passive immunity mediated by maternal Abs limits the spread of infection

B and T lymphocytes recognise the virus and stimulate innate immunity

Answer 5

the innate immune system responses rapidly to the viral infection and limits the spread of the virus

Question 6

What cytokines

stimulate inflammation

Answer 6

TNF

IL1

Question 7

what cytokines

activate NK cells

Answer 7

IL-12

IFN-alpha

IFN-beta

Question 8

what cytokines are involved in

anti-viral state

Answer 8

IFN alpha

IFN beta

Question 9

what cytokines

activate phagocytosis

Answer 9

IFN-gamma

Question 10

TNF

Answer 10

made by: macrophages, T cells

inflammation, fever, neutrophil activation

Question 11

If you were a neutrophil recruited to a site to kill such a bacterium, which of the following would ENHANCE your ability to phagocytose bacteria?

inflammatory ccytokines

chemokines

IFN-a

opsonins

Answer 11

OPSONINS

chemokines important in attracting there but not in actual phagocytosis

Question 12

What are the major types of APCs

Answer 12

B cells, DCs, macrophages

Question 13

MHC class I presentation

Answer 13

Question 14

MHC Class II presentation

Answer 14

Question 15

Which of the following cell types are the most potent at activating naive T cells?

B cells

DCs

endothelial cells

Kupffer cells

macrophages

Answer 15

dendritic cells
the PROFESSIONAL APCs for T cells. Best at activating.

Question 16

Antigens that are presented in the context of human HLA-A nad B antigens

are usually of intracellular origin

are ususally endocytized

require lysosomal degradation

are often carbohydrates

activate NK cells

Answer 16

Are usually of intracellular origin

Question 17

Which of the following mechanisms contributes the most to immunoglobulin (ig) and T cell receptor (TCR) diversity

combinatorial diversity: the multiple possible combinations of different V, D, and J segments

junctional diversity: changes in the nucleotide sequences at the junctions between recombines V D and J segments

complexing 2 different chains: heavy and lught chains (Ig) or alpha and beta chains (TCR)

polymorphism in V gene alleles

Answer 17

junctional diversity: changes in the nucleotide sequences at the junctions between recombines V D and J segments

Question 18

B cell development

Answer 18

Question 19

T cell development

Answer 19

Question 20

Positive and negative selection of T cells in the thymus

Answer 20

In the thymus, an extremely diverse array of self peptifdes are presented by both MHC I and II on either thymic epitheliak cells or thymic DCs

Low affinity interactions with self peptide/ MHC lead to selection and differentiation into CD8 or CD4 lineages

T cells that can not recognise MHC undergo apoptosis

T cells that bind with high affiity to self/MHC undergo apoptosis

Consequences

only T cells with a functional TCR become single positive CD8 or CD4 T cells

T cells with high affinity for self antigens are removed from circulation

Question 21

In both B and T ell development, there is a stage when a pre antigen receptor is expressed. Which of the following accurately describes an important function of these preantigen receptors?

positively select for lymphocytes that have successfully undersone a first round of VDJ recomb requires to express fnal antigen recepts

negatively select for self reactive lymphocytes

instruct the differentiation of lymphocytes into different subsets of effector cells

can select for lymphocytes that can recognise microbial antigens

bind to chemokines to keep the lumphocytes from migrating out of the generaive lymphoid organs

Answer 21

positively select for lymphocytes that have successfully undersone a first round of VDJ recomb requires to express fnal antigen recepts