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fluoridešŸ¦· > fluoride > Flashcards

fluoride Flashcards

1
Q

fluoride

A

a mineral to make teeth more resistant to decay and is the primary weapon used to combat dental caries

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2
Q

how does fluoride work

A

slowing demineralizing and enhancing remineralization of tooth surfaces

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3
Q

what kind of patients are recommended to get fluoride

A
  • preventive patients (kids)
  • no fl water
  • xerosromia
  • recurrent or root caries patients
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4
Q

2 sources of fluoride

A
  • systemic
  • topical
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5
Q

topical fluoride

A

directly applied to the tooth in the form of toothpaste, mouth rinses, and should be professionally applied in the form of varnish gels and solutions

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6
Q

systemic

A

best way to take in fluoride taken
into the body but can cause people to be sick if too much is takem

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7
Q

where is the highest concentration of fluoride in the enamel

A

outer surface exposed to the oral cavity

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8
Q

what are the contents of fluorapatite

A

fluoride + phosphorus + hydrogen

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9
Q

fluorapatite

A

a more perfect crystal that is formed when fluoride combines with the P and H to enamel

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10
Q

how much fluoride is stored in your bones

A

95%

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11
Q

how is systemic fluoride metabolized
(3 steps)

A

intake
absorption
excretion

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12
Q

where is systemic fluoride absorbed

A

stomach and small intestines

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13
Q

where is systemic fluoride excreted

A

kidney, sweat glands and feces

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14
Q

where is the most fluoride excreted

A

kidneys

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15
Q

how much fluoride is distributed for teeth and bone calcification

A

1/2 to calcifying bones and teeth

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16
Q

pre eruptive mineralization stage

A

systemic fluoride given during the formation of the enamel but not too much or else fluorosis can occur

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17
Q

3 periods of fluoride aquiration

A
  • pre eruptive: mineralization
  • pre eruptive: maturation
  • post eruption
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18
Q

pre eruptive maturation

A

fluoride is deposited after mineralization is complete and before eruption

acquired most fluoride of any stage

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19
Q

post eruptive

A

after eruption and throughout life span topical fluoride is applied

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20
Q

how long does fluoride take to have bactericidal effects

A

30-60 mins

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21
Q

demineralization

A

breakdown the tooth surface with a loss of mineral content, primarily calcium and phosphorus

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22
Q

remineralization

A

the recovery of the remineralization process

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23
Q

how does the pH level of the mouth affect fluoride reaction

A

a pH drop in the mouth the fluoride ion will precipitate to a free ion to aid in remineralization

24
Q

how much fluoride should be in the fluoridated water

A

1 ppm (part per million)

25
Q

what do you need to consider when adding fluoride to water

A

climate
daily intake
temperature

26
Q

what are carbon filters used for

A

to filter out any extra fluoride from the water

27
Q

when is systemic fluoride most effective

A

during the time of tooth development

28
Q

appearance of teeth when the right amount of fluoride is applied

A

white aging opaque with no blemishes

29
Q

when fluoride is continuously used from birth, what percentage of various lesions are prevented

A

40-65%

30
Q

what teeth benefit most from drinking fluoridated water

A

maxillary anterior

31
Q

3 compounds for topical fluoride application

A

sodium fluoride (NaF)
stannous fluoride (SnF)
acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF)

32
Q

2.0% Sodium Fluoride (NaF)

A

has a pH of 7

used for patients with cosmetic dentistry (fillings, crowns, veneers)

33
Q

8% stannous fluoride (SnF2)

A

pH level is 2.1-2.3

effective for application on root surfaces with early decay and desensitizing cementum

can cause brown stains on teeth

34
Q

1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF)

A

pH is 3.0-3.5

used for patients with no restos takes 1 min to be done

35
Q

what two fluorides are used most commonly

A

acidulate phosphate fluoride APF

sodium fluoride NaF

36
Q

what type of fluorides is used in toothpaste

A

sodium fluoride

37
Q

what type of fluoride is prescribed for kids

A

38% silver diamond fluoride (SDF)

38
Q

fluoride varnish

A

most commonly used safe easy and has the best retention

39
Q

self applied fluoride

A

used at home by adults only should not be used on children

40
Q

fluoride toxicity

A

comes from swallowing fluoride

41
Q

6 symptoms of fluoride toxicity

A

nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
abdominal pain
increased salivation
thirst

42
Q

what is the amount of fluoride uptake determined by

A

amount ingested
when it was ingested
length and time of exposure

43
Q

fluoride toxicity effects on bone

A

bonds with calcium and cause hypocalcemia

44
Q

fluoride toxicity effects on central nervous system

A
  • hyperreflexia
  • convulsions
  • parasthesis
45
Q

fluoride toxicity effects on cardiovascular and respiratory

A

can lead to death

46
Q

acute fluoride poisoning

A

rapid amount in a small amount of time

47
Q

chronic fluoride poisoning

A

small amounts over a long period of time

can cause fluorosis

48
Q

6 classifications of fluorosis

A

normal
questionable
very mild
mild
moderate
severe

49
Q

normal fluorosis

A

enamel is smooth pale creamy white translucent no fluorosis present

50
Q

questionable fluorosis

A

a few white spots are seen on the enamel

51
Q

very mild fluorosis

A

small opaque paper white areas that cover less than 25% of the tooth surface

52
Q

mild fluorosis

A

opaque areas covering more than 50% of the tooth surface

53
Q

moderate fluorosis

A

all tooth surfaces are affected possible brown stain

54
Q

severe fluorosis

A

all tooth surfaces are affected, discrete of confluent pitting, brown stain present

55
Q

post op instructions for fluoride application

A

no eating drinking or rinsing for 30 mins

fluoridešŸ¦· (1 decks)

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