Fluids Test Flashcards
What’s partial theory?
All matter is made of partials
Particles are always moving
There are spaces between partials
Particles of pure substance are identical - and they are attracted to each other
When matter is heated - expands- when it’s cooled it - contracts -
Three states of matter
Solid, liquid, gas
What do solid particles look like
Reman in fixed potion and vibrate
Strong attraction
Little energy
Fixed shape and volume ( neither change unless acted on by external force)
What do liquid particles look like
Slide and guide, though do not move far
Medium attraction & medium energy
Fixed volume - dosnt change - shape is determined by container
What do gas particles look like
Move in straight lines randomly, as far as possible
Weak attraction & high energy
Volume and shape are determined by container
What is a fluid
Substance that flows
It can be a liquid or a glass but never a solid
Sand and salt can flow, why are they fluids??
When they are at rest the surface is not flat
What’s turbulent flow
An irregular flow pattern, unpredictable
Turbulent flow in lakes and rivers add oxygen to water
What is laminar flow
A smooth and regular pattern of flow
Laminar flow against vehicular reduces drag
What’s flow rate
Measures the volume of fluid moving past a certain point in a given amount of time - used to measure moving through a pipe
Formula— Ml/time = ml per sec
What’s viscosity
The thickness of a fluid or it’s resistance to flow -
how easy the partials are able to flow past each other
Connection between viscosity and flow rate
As viscosity increases, flow rate decreases
Cohesion
The force of attraction between particles of a particular substance
Slow flow rates = greater cohesion
Adhesion
The attraction between partials of a fluid and another substance
What do fluids travel faster in the centre of the tube
Adhesion- the partials become attracted to the material of the pipe
