Fluids And Electrolytes

Question 1

What are the major cations in the body fluids?

Answer 1

sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and hydrogen ions.

Question 2

The major anions are:

Answer 2

chloride, bicarbonate, sulfate, and proteinate ions

Question 3

It is the dynamic process in which the body maintains balance by constantly adjusting to internal and external stimuli.

Answer 3

Homeostasis

Question 4

It occurs when the body reverses an original stimulus for the body to regain physiologic balance.

Answer 4

Negative feedback.
e.g BP control, maintenance of normal body temperature

Question 5

A body feedback that enhances or intensifies the original stimulus.

Answer 5

Positive feedback
e.g. Blood clotting after injury, a woman in labor

Question 6

What are the fluid regulation mechanisms?

Answer 6

The thirst center (hypothalamus)
Antidiuretic hormone
The RAA system
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Question 7

It is the accumulation of fluid in interstitial tissue spaces.

Answer 7

Edema or third-space fluid

Question 8

What are the causes of edema?

Answer 8

Disruption of the filtration and osmotic forces of the body’s circulating fluids