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Pharmacology AM > Fluid therapy > Flashcards

Fluid therapy Flashcards

1
Q

What is osmolarity?

A

Osmoles of solute per litre of solution

i.e. how much sugar in 1 litre of coffee

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2
Q

What is osmolality?

A

Osmoles of solute per kg of solvent

i.e. grams of sugar dissolved in kg of coffee

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3
Q

What is tonicity?

A

Measure of osmotic pressure gradient between 2 solutions

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4
Q

What proportion of the body’s fluid is intra and extra cellular?

A

2/3 intra

1/3 extra

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5
Q

What is the body’s fluid requirement?

A

25-30ml/kg/day

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6
Q

What is the body’s Na+ requirement?

A

1-2mmol/kg/day

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7
Q

What is the body’s K+ requirement?

A

0.5-1mmol/kg/day

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8
Q

What is h body’s glucose requirement?

A

50-100g/day

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9
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of hypovolaemia?

A 
Nausea
Thirst
Flat veins
Cool peripheries
No swat
Concentrate oliguria
Low BP
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10
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of hypervolaemia?

A 
Breathless
Distended veins
Warm, oedematous veins
Sweaty
High BP and HR
Dilute urine
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11
Q

What is the treatment of hypervolaemia?

A

Watchful waiting
Possible diuretics
If anuric- haemofiltration

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12
Q

What are the 4 Rs of fluid prescription?

A

Resus
Routine maintenance
Replacement
Reassessment

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13
Q

What is the advice for fluids in shock?

A

500ml bolus then reassess

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14
Q

What are the types of sensible losses?

A

Catheters, drain
Vomit
Sputum
Stool

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15
Q

What are the types of insensible losses?

A 
Sweat
Ventilation
Open wounds
Burns
Bleeding
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16
Q

What are the types of fluid?

A

Dextrose
Crystalloid
Colloid

17
Q

When are crystalloids used?

A

Acute dehydration
AKI
Resus
Sepsis

18
Q

When are crystalloids not used?

A

Hypernatraemia

19
Q

Whenare colloids used?

A

Liver patients
Intra operative
Bleeding

20
Q

What is the most common colloid used?

A

Blood

Pharmacology AM (2 decks)

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