Fluid Therapy Flashcards
How would you rehydrate a horse that’s not been able to drink? What are it’s losses?
Water losses, not electrolytes. Oral rehydration/stomach tube. I/v fluids if losses are great.
What are the losses for a horse with diarrhoea? What fluid therapy would be needed?
Increased PCV, decrease in sodium and potassium, metabollic acidosis. Oral rehydration, or I/v if severe. Potentially bicarbonate.
Name the four types of crystalloid fluid therapy.
1) NaCl 0.9% saline
2) Hartmans = bicarbonate + hypotonic
3) dextrose 5 = isotonic/hypotonic
4) Hypertonic saline = hypovolaemia treatment alongside normal saline.
What are the losses for an obstructed colic patient ? What fluid therapy would be administered?
Electrolytes and a lot of fluid. Both hypovolaemic and dehydrated. Hypertonic saline + Hartmans (slightly hypotonic) bicarbonate for metabollic acidosis.
What losses will a horse have that’s been excessively sweating? What fluid therapy would it require
Oral rehydration with electrolytes added. Will have lost both water and electrolytes.
What is blood volumes per kg in dogs and cats?
55ml/kg in cats
80ml/kg in dogs
How much blood can be taken from a dog and a cat in one sitting?
88ml/kg in a dog
66ml/kg in a cat
A what rate should Infusion of blood be given?
In acute haemorrhage 0.25-1mg/kg/hr
Try this for 30 minutes, if not improving, increase to 5mg/kg/hr
Fresh frozen plasma 10-30mls/kg over 4 hours
What re the four causes of shock?
Vasogenic shock, hypovolaemic shock, traumatic shock and cardiac shock
What is the rate for fluid administration during anaesthesia of a relatively healthy animal?
3-4ml/kg/hr
What is the rate of fluid administration for a major surgery, associated with perhaps haemorrhage or greater insensible losses?
5-6ml/kg/hr
