Fluid shift across the capillary wall

Question 1

What makes up 75% of extracellular fluid?

Answer 1

Interstital fluid

Question 2

What does interstitial fluid act as?

Answer 2

Go-between between blood and body cells

Question 3

What regulates regional blood flow to the capillary bed in most tissues?

Answer 3

Terminal arterioles

Question 4

what regulates blood flow to capillaries in few tissues?

Answer 4

pre-capillary sphincters

Question 5

How does water soluble substances diffuse into capillaries?

Answer 5

Move via concentration gradient in pores of capillaries

Question 6

How do lipid-soluble substances diffuse into capillaries?

Answer 6

Pass through endothelial cells

Question 7

How do exchangeable proteins diffuse into capillary?

Answer 7

via vesicular transport

Question 8

What can not pass through capillary walls?

Answer 8

Plasma proteins

Question 9

What are the 2 main pressures In capillaries?

Answer 9

• hydrostatic

- colloid osmotic (oncotic)

Question 10

What do plasma proteins do?

Answer 10

Drag fluid from interstitial into capillary

Question 11

What do starling forces favour?

Answer 11

Filtration at arteriolar end and reabsorption at venular end

Question 12

where is the fluid absorbed when not all fluid is absorbed at venues?

Answer 12

Lymphatic system and returned to circulation as lymph

Question 13

What does lymphatic drainage prevent?

Answer 13

accumulation of interstitial fluid

Question 14

what is oedema?

Answer 14

accumulation of fluid in interstitial space

Question 15

What occurs do diffusion distance in pulmonary oedema?

Answer 15

Diffusion distance increase and gas exchange is compromised

Question 16

What are the 4 causes of oedema?

Answer 16

1) raised capillary pressure-arteriolar dilatation
2) reduced plasma osmotic pressure
3) lymphatic insuffiency- lymph node damage
4) changes in capillary permeability- inflammation