Fluid Mechanics Flashcards
Liquids and gases together called
fluids
use liquids and / or called gases as working substance for transfer and
transformation of energy from one form to another
fluid machines
convert the potential energy or kinetic energy or pressure energy or thermal energy or internal energy of fluid into mechanical work and are called engines or turbines or prime movers or driving machine.
fluid machines
may called pumps or compressors or blowers or fans to deliver fluids from low level of energy to higher level by consuming mechanical work
driven machines
Is an equipment capable of handling fluid, either moving the fluid or moved by the fluid.
FLUID MACHINERY
Is a device which converts the energy stored by a fluid into mechanical energy or vice versa.
FLUID MACHINERY
Energy in the form of the potential, kinetic and intermolecular energy
FLUID MACHINERY
The energy usually transmitted by rotating shaft.
FLUID MACHINERY
The device in which the kinetic, potential or intermolecular energy held by fluid is converted in the form of mechanical energy in a rotating member is known as a
TURBINE
Is the force of gravity in a unit
volume of a substance
SPECIFIC WEIGHT
Is the mass per volume of a
substance.
DENSITY
Is the volume of a unit mass of a
substance or the reciprocal of
density.
SPECIFIC VOLUME
Is the ratio of the specific weight
of any substance to that of water
or the ratio of density of any
substance to that water
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
Is a measure of the resistance to
flow of a fluid; or it may be
defined as the ratio of the
shearing stress or force between
adjacent layers of fluid to the
rate of change of velocity
perpendicular to the direction of
motion.
VISCOSITY
Is a dimensionless parameter used to determine the type of fluid while flowing
through a pipe.
REYNOLDS NUMBER
At low Reynolds numbers, flows tend to be dominated by _______, while at
high Reynolds numbers flows tend to be _______
laminar flow ; turbulent
Re < 2000 – Low Velocity
Laminar Flow
Re > 4000 – High Velocity
Turbulent Flow
Re = 2000 – 4000
Critical Flow
Is the type of flow of fluid in which the fluid particles move along straight, parallel paths in layers or laminae.
LAMINAR FLOW
Is the type of flow of fluid in which the fluid particles move in a haphazard fashion in all directions.
Turbulent Flow
It is impossible to trace the motion of an individual particle ( high velocity, variable direction).
Turbulent Flow
Is a combination of laminar flow and turbulent flow
Critical Flow (Transitional Flow)
is an equation derived from the first law of thermodynamics of steady flow open system used to determine the mass flow rate and volume flow rate of fluid.
Continuity equation
It is a system used to move liquid at low pressure elevation to high pressure elevation
Pump
A machine that draws a fluid into itself through a suction port and forces that fluids out through a discharge port
Pump
A machine for moving a liquid, such as water, by accelerating it radially outward in an impeller to a surrounding volute casing
Centrifugal Pump
Also known as piston pump
Reciprocating Pump
A pump in which motion and pressure are applied to the fluid by a reciprocating piston in a cylinder
Reciprocating Pump
A displacement pump that delivers a steady flow by the action of two members in rotational contact
Rotary Pump
Also known as Vertical Turbine Pump
Deep-Well Pump
A multistage centrifugal pump for lifting water from deep, small diameter wells; a surface electric motor operates the shaft
Deep-Well Pump
is the height to which a column of fluid must rise to contain the same
amount of energy as is contained in one unit weight or mass of fluid under the conditions being considered.
Head of Fluid
Is a head based upon the elevation of the fluid above some arbitrarily chosen datum plane.
Potential or Actual Head
Is a measure of the kinetic energy contained in a unit mass fluid due to its velocity and is given by the familiar expression for kinetic energy.
Kinetic or Velocity Head
Is the energy contained in the fluid as a result of its pressure
Pressure Head
is an equation used to
determine the head of fluid.
Bernoulli’s equation
In an _______, energy losses are considered
and applying the first law of thermodynamics for
steady flow.
actual flow system
