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PHYSICS 71 > Fluid Mechanics > Flashcards

Fluid Mechanics Flashcards

1
Q

What principle states that an object floating in a fluid displaces a volume of fluid whose weight is equal to the weight of the object?

A) Pascal’s Principle
B) Bernoulli’s Principle
C) Archimedes’ Principle
D) Hooke’s Law

A

C) Archimedes’ Principle

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2
Q

What is the condition for an object to float in a fluid?

A) Its density is less than the density of the fluid
B) Its density is greater than the density of the fluid
C) Its weight is greater than the weight of the fluid displaced
D) Its weight is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced

A

D) Its weight is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced

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3
Q

What is the SI unit of pressure?

A) Pascal
B) Newton
C) Joule
D) Watt

A

A) Pascal

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4
Q

Which equation describes the relationship between pressure, density, and height in a fluid?

A) Boyle’s Law
B) Charles’s Law
C) Archimedes’ Principle
D) Hydrostatic Pressure Equation

A

D) Hydrostatic Pressure Equation

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5
Q

What happens to the pressure in a fluid as depth increases?

A) It increases linearly
B) It decreases linearly
C) It remains constant
D) It increases linearly with depth

A

D) It increases linearly with depth

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6
Q

Which statement about Bernoulli’s equation is correct?

A) It applies only to liquids
B) It only applies to incompressible fluids
C) It relates pressure, velocity, and height in fluid flow
D) It does not apply to steady flow

A

C) It relates pressure, velocity, and height in fluid flow

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7
Q

In which scenario would Bernoulli’s equation be most applicable?

A) Flow through a narrow pipe
B) Flow through a wide pipe
C) Airflow over an airplane wing
D) Flow through a porous medium

A

C) Airflow over an airplane wing

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8
Q

What is the principle behind how a Venturi meter works?

A) Pascal’s Principle
B) Archimedes’ Principle
C) Bernoulli’s Principle
D) Hooke’s Law

A

C) Bernoulli’s Principle

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9
Q

In a fluid flowing through a horizontal pipe, where is the pressure highest?

A) At the entrance of the pipe
B) At the exit of the pipe
C) At the bottom of the pipe
D) Pressure is the same throughout

A

D) Pressure is the same throughout

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10
Q

What happens to the velocity of a fluid flowing through a pipe if the pipe’s cross-sectional area decreases?

A) Velocity increases
B) Velocity decreases
C) Velocity remains constant
D) Velocity becomes zero

A

B) Velocity decreases

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11
Q

How does the buoyant force on an object immersed in a fluid change when it is moved to a region with higher fluid density?

A) Increases
B) Decreases
C) Remains the same
D) Depends on the shape of the object

A

A) Increases

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12
Q

When a solid object is floating in a fluid, what condition ensures it is in stable equilibrium?

A) The center of mass is below the center of buoyancy
B) The center of mass is above the center of buoyancy
C) The center of mass coincides with the center of buoyancy
D) The object’s density is greater than the fluid’s density

A

B) The center of mass is above the center of buoyancy

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13
Q

In a U-tube manometer, the height difference between the two arms is a measure of what?

A) Velocity of the fluid
B) Pressure difference between two points
C) Density of the fluid
D) Viscosity of the fluid

A

B) Pressure difference between two points

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14
Q

What happens to the pressure in a fluid as it flows horizontally along a streamline?

A) It remains constant
B) It increases
C) It decreases
D) It depends on the fluid viscosity

A

C) It decreases

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15
Q

In which scenario would the Venturi effect be most pronounced?

A) Wide pipe
B) Narrow pipe
C) Pipe with a steady flow
D) Pipe with turbulent flow

A

B) Narrow pipe

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16
Q

What is the main factor affecting the buoyant force on an object immersed in a fluid?

A) The density of the object
B) The volume of the object
C) The weight of the object
D) The density of the fluid

A

D) The density of the fluid

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17
Q

Which property of a fluid is responsible for its resistance to flow?

A) Density
B) Pressure
C) Viscosity
D) Surface tension

A

C) Viscosity

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18
Q

In a hydraulic lift system, which principle is utilized to increase the force applied by the smaller piston?

A) Archimedes’ Principle
B) Pascal’s Principle
C) Bernoulli’s Principle
D) Hooke’s Law

A

B) Pascal’s Principle

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19
Q

What is the buoyant force experienced by a 2 kg object submerged in water? (Density of water = 1000 kg/m³)

A) 2 N
B) 9.8 N
C) 20 N
D) 100 N

A

C) 20 N

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20
Q

Which of the following objects will experience the greatest buoyant force when submerged in water?

A) A solid iron cube
B) A hollow iron cube
C) A solid wooden cube
D) A hollow wooden cube

A

D) A hollow wooden cube

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21
Q

Which term describes the resistance of a fluid to flow?

A) Density
B) Viscosity
C) Pressure
D) Surface tension

A

B) Viscosity

22
Q

What effect does increasing the velocity of a fluid have on its pressure according to Bernoulli’s principle?

A) Pressure increases
B) Pressure decreases
C) Pressure remains constant
D) Pressure becomes zero

A

B) Pressure decreases

23
Q

In a hydraulic press, a small force is applied to a small piston. What principle allows this force to be magnified when transmitted to a larger piston?

A) Archimedes’ Principle
B) Pascal’s Principle
C) Bernoulli’s Principle
D) Hooke’s Law

A

B) Pascal’s Principle

24
Q

Which of the following best describes the principle behind how an airplane generates lift?

A) Pascal’s Principle
B) Archimedes’ Principle
C) Bernoulli’s Principle
D) Hooke’s Law

A

C) Bernoulli’s Principle

25
Q

What is the term for the change in pressure that occurs in a fluid as it flows from a wider area to a narrower area?

A) Venturi effect
B) Pascal’s effect
C) Bernoulli’s effect
D) Archimedes’ effect

A

A) Venturi effect

26
Q

What type of flow occurs when a fluid flows smoothly and without turbulence?

A) Turbulent flow
B) Steady flow
C) Laminar flow
D) Chaotic flow

A

B) Steady flow

27
Q

In a hydraulic system, if the input piston has a smaller cross-sectional area than the output piston, what happens to the output force?

A) It decreases
B) It remains the same
C) It increases
D) It depends on the fluid viscosity

A

C) It increases

28
Q

What is the SI unit of viscosity?

A) Pascal-second
B) Poise
C) Newton
D) Joule

A

B) Poise

29
Q

Which statement is true regarding the flow of a fluid through a pipe with varying cross-sectional area?

A) The velocity remains constant
B) The pressure remains constant
C) The velocity decreases as the cross-sectional area decreases
D) The pressure increases as the cross-sectional area decreases

A

C) The velocity decreases as the cross-sectional area decreases

30
Q

What happens to the pressure in a fluid as it flows along a streamline with increasing velocity?

A) It increases
B) It decreases
C) It remains constant
D) It depends on the fluid density

A

B) It decreases

31
Q

What effect does decreasing the velocity of a fluid have on its pressure according to Bernoulli’s principle?

A) Pressure increases
B) Pressure decreases
C) Pressure remains constant
D) Pressure becomes zero

A

B) Pressure decreases

32
Q

How does the buoyant force on an object immersed in a fluid change if the object is partially submerged compared to when it is fully submerged?

A) It decreases
B) It remains the same
C) It increases
D) It depends on the object’s density

A

B) It remains the same

33
Q

Which statement regarding the flow of a fluid through a horizontal pipe is true?

A) The pressure is highest at the entrance of the pipe
B) The pressure is highest at the exit of the pipe
C) The pressure is constant throughout the pipe
D) The pressure depends on the fluid viscosity

A

C) The pressure is constant throughout the pipe

34
Q

What is the relationship between pressure and velocity in a fluid according to Bernoulli’s principle?

A) Pressure increases as velocity increases
B) Pressure decreases as velocity increases
C) Pressure remains constant as velocity changes
D) Pressure is independent of velocity

A

B) Pressure decreases as velocity increases

35
Q

What is the principle behind how a siphon works?

A) Pascal’s Principle
B) Bernoulli’s Principle
C) Atmospheric pressure
D) Archimedes’ Principle

A

C) Atmospheric pressure

36
Q

What factor affects the resistance of a fluid to flow the most?

A) Density
B) Pressure
C) Temperature
D) Viscosity

A

D) Viscosity

37
Q

In a hydraulic lift system, what happens to the pressure applied to the smaller piston when transmitted to the larger piston?

A) It decreases
B) It remains the same
C) It increases
D) It depends on the fluid viscosity

A

C) It increases

38
Q

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the buoyant force experienced by an object immersed in a fluid?

A) Volume of the object
B) Density of the fluid
C) Acceleration due to gravity
D) Pressure at the surface of the fluid

A

D) Pressure at the surface of the fluid

39
Q

What does the term “viscosity” of a fluid refer to?

A) Its resistance to compression
B) Its ability to flow
C) Its resistance to shear forces
D) Its pressure at a given depth

A

C) Its resistance to shear forces

40
Q

Which of the following statements is true about laminar flow?

A) It occurs at high Reynolds numbers
B) It is characterized by irregular, unpredictable flow patterns
C) It is smooth, orderly flow
D) It occurs in turbulent flow only

A

C) It is smooth, orderly flow

41
Q

What is the relationship between the velocity of a fluid and its pressure according to Bernoulli’s principle?

A) Velocity and pressure are directly proportional
B) Velocity and pressure are inversely proportional
C) Velocity has no effect on pressure
D) Pressure has no effect on velocity

A

B) Velocity and pressure are inversely proportional

42
Q

What is the main factor that determines whether a fluid flow will be laminar or turbulent?

A) Fluid viscosity
B) Fluid density
C) Fluid temperature
D) Fluid pressure

A

A) Fluid viscosity

43
Q

Which statement is true regarding the pressure at a point in a fluid at rest?

A) It increases with depth
B) It decreases with depth
C) It is independent of depth
D) It varies depending on the fluid’s viscosity

A

C) It is independent of depth

44
Q

What is the principle behind the functioning of a hydraulic brake system in vehicles?

A) Archimedes’ Principle
B) Pascal’s Principle
C) Bernoulli’s Principle
D) Hooke’s Law

A

B) Pascal’s Principle

45
Q

What phenomenon causes bubbles to rise in a liquid?

A) Pascal’s Principle
B) Archimedes’ Principle
C) Bernoulli’s Principle
D) Buoyancy

A

D) Buoyancy

46
Q

How does the viscosity of a fluid affect its flow rate through a pipe?

A) Higher viscosity decreases flow rate
B) Higher viscosity increases flow rate
C) Viscosity has no effect on flow rate
D) Viscosity increases with flow rate

A

C) Viscosity has no effect on flow rate

47
Q

Which factor does NOT affect the buoyant force experienced by an object submerged in a fluid?

A) Volume of the object
B) Density of the object
C) Density of the fluid
D) Gravitational acceleration at the object’s location

A

D) Gravitational acceleration at the object’s location

48
Q

In which situation would Bernoulli’s equation be least applicable?

A) Airflow over an aircraft wing
B) Flow through a Venturi tube
C) Flow through a wide, straight pipe
D) Flow through a turbulent river

A

D) Flow through a turbulent river

49
Q

What happens to the pressure of a fluid as its velocity increases according to Bernoulli’s principle?

A) Pressure increases
B) Pressure decreases
C) Pressure remains constant
D) Pressure becomes zero

A

B) Pressure decreases

50
Q

Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing the flow of a fluid through a pipe?

A) Length of the pipe
B) Viscosity of the fluid
C) Temperature of the fluid
D) Pressure at the end of the pipe

A

D) Pressure at the end of the pipe

PHYSICS 71 (4 decks)

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