fluid mechanics Flashcards
fluid?
particles move freely, not solid
flotation
maintain a stationary position on the surface of the water
buoyant force
buoyancy
weight of person acting on the water
force that lifts upwards, against gravity
archimedes principle
the buoyant force is equal to the weight of water a person displaces
to float
weight must be less than (or equal to)
the maximum buoyant force
OR
the
specific gravity
measure of the density of an object
positively buoyant
float, body density < water density
conditional floaters
float when have inspired air in lungs
centre of buoyancy
rotation of axis in water, centre of volume of body displacing the water
COB, COG don’t line up
torque will be created, rotation will occur
must be aligned vertically
relative motion
e.g. water skiier, water looks like its moving past them
person standing on beach, it looks like the person is moving
can also apply to balls in the air, sidewinds, and wind in general
drag force (def)
force exerted by a fluid, reduces speed
types of drag
surface
profile or form
wave
surface drag
rub against skin
Dependant on-
velocity of flow
surface area
profile or form drag
turbulent flow conditions behind object
dependant on shape of the body and the cross sectional area of the body