Fluid Inbalance

Question 1

What is the normal range for Serum Creatinine?

Answer 1

0.6-1.3 mg/dL

Question 2

What is the normal range for Hematocrit?

Answer 2

men: 42-52%
women: 37-47%

Question 3

What is the normal range for Blood Specific Gravity?

Answer 3

1.005-1.030

Question 4

What is the normal range for Blood Sodium

Answer 4

135-145 mEq/L

Question 5

What is the normal range for Blood Osmolarity

Answer 5

280-295 mOsm/kg

Question 6

What level of Serum Creatinine Indicates Dehydration?

Overhydration?

Answer 6

Dehydration: >1.3
Overhydration: <0.6 mg/dL

Question 7

What percent Hematocrit indicates Dehydration?

Overhydration?

Answer 7

Dehydration: >52% men, >47% women
Overhydration: <42% men, <37% women

Question 8

What level Blood Specific Gravity indicates Dehydration?

Overhydration?

Answer 8

Dehydration: >1.030
Overhydration: <1.005

Question 9

What mOsm/kg Blood Osmolarity indicates Dehydration?

Overhydration

Answer 9

Dehydration: >295 mOsm/kg
Overhydration: <280 mOsm/kg

Question 10

Dehydration = ____________ protein, electrolytes, glucose

Answer 10

Dehydration= increase in proteins, electrolytes, glucose

Question 11

Dehydration = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ BUN 
Overhydration = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ BUN

Answer 11

Dehydration = INCREASED BUN
Overhydration = DECREASED BUN

Question 12

Expected Vital Signs for Overhydration/ Hypervolemia

Answer 12

Tachycardia, bounding pulse, hypertension, increased RR, Increased BP

Question 13

Name a major patient centered safety concern when it comes to dehydration:

Answer 13

Check neurologic status to determine level of consciousness

Question 14

What is a risk factor for hypovolemia in geriatric patients?

Answer 14

Age-related changes in cardiovascular and kidney function

Question 15

What is priority nursing care intervention for patients with overhydration

Answer 15

Set 1-2 hour short-term goals for the fluid restriction to promote client control and understanding

Question 16

a nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client who has hypovolemia due to vomiting and diarrhea. The nurse should expect to find which of the following findings? (Select all that apply)

a. Distended neck veins
b. Hyperthermia
c. Tachycardia
d. Syncope
e. Decreased skin turgor

Answer 16

Tachycardia, syncope, decreased skin turgor

Question 17

A nurse on a med-surg unit is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should identify which of the following clients is at risk for hypovolemia?

a. A client who has nasogastric suctioning
b. A client who has chronic constipation
c. A client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
d. A client who took a toxic dose of sodium bicarbonate antacid

Answer 17

A. a client who has nasogastric suctioning

Question 18

A nurse is reviewing the lab results for a client with elevated temp. The nurse should identify which of the following findings is a manifestation of dehydration? (SATA)

a. Hct 55%
b. Blood osmolarity 260 mOsm/kg
c. Blood sodium 150 mEq/L
d. Urine specific gravity 1.035
e. Blood creatinine 0.6 mg/dL

Answer 18

a. Hct 55% (normal: 42-52% men, 37-47% women)
b. Blood sodium 150 mEq/L (normal: 135-145 mEq/L)
c. Urine Specific Gravity 1.035 (normal: 1.005-1.030)

Question 19

A nurse on a med-surg unit is caring for a group of clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse expect a prescription for fluid restriction?

a. A client with a new diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency
b. A client who has heart failure
c. A client who is receiving treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis
d. A client who has abdominal ascites

Answer 19

Use ABCs for this one
b. A client who has heart failure.
reduce workload of the heart

Question 20

A nurse is planning care for a client who has dehydration. Which of the following actions should the nurse include?

a. Administer antihypertensive on schedule
b. Check the client’s weight each morning
c. Notify the provider of a urine output greater than 30mL/hr
d. Encourage independent ambulation q4/day

Answer 20

b. Check the client’s weight each morning