fluid elecytolyte imblance Flashcards
hyper calcemia
nurotransmitter excited, muscle weakness, constipation, neausea, kidney stones,bone fractures
hypoKALemia
dietary dificency, vomiting dihharea, insulin, epniephire, metabolic alkolsis,
s/s hypokalemia
membrne potential more positive, cns depression
hyper Kalemia
insulin difeiency, lysis of cells, aldo. difinecy, metabolic acidosis. kidney filure
s/s hyperkalemia
membrane potential more positive, cardaic arrythmias, muscle irrabiloty, paraysis
hypervolemia
extracellualr excess fluid Iv sedation, RAA, heart disease, renal disaease,hyperaldosterism, liver failure, cushings syndrome
s/s hypervolemia
weight gain,hypertansion,edma, dyspena
hypovolemia
extracellualr fluid w depletion burns. bleeding, vomiting, dihhrea, diabetes, hypoaldo
s/s hypovolemia
weight loss, shock, hypotension, poor tisue turger, dry musuc membrane, concentracted urine
hyper natremia
excess sodium intake, impaired thirst, dysphagia( difffoculting swallowling), sweating, diabetes
s/s hypernatremia
cell shirnking, polydipsoia,oilgura, hedache, low BP, tachcardia, cns irrability
hyponatremia
translocational: hypertonic hyponatremia wter leaves cell by osmosis and dialutes blod stream
water shift from cells into blood by hyperglycemia during diabetes
hypotonic hyponatremia
water renention
1. evulomic: BV normal, low sodium caused to too much ADH
2. hypovolemic: BV low sodium low
3) Hypervolemic; heat failure from high ADH
S/S hyponatremia
cellular swelling, cns depression
hypocalcemia s/s
high neurotransmitter excitability, muscle sas, trousjealuch/chovostok signs, arrathymias, seizures
