Fluid & Electrolytes + Liver Flashcards
define osmolality
solute particles per Kg of solvent
define osmolarity
solute particles per L of solvent
What is the distribution of fluid in the body
1/3 extracellular
2/3 intracellular
What ions are intracellular
K+
Mg2+
HPO4-
Proteins
what ions are extracellular
Na+
HCO3-
Cl-
Ca+
What is extracellular fluid divided into
1/3 vascular
2/3 interstitial
What are the 3 forces that regulate fluid movmement
osmosis
hydrostatic pressure
oncotic pressure
define osmosis
movement of H20 from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
define hydrostatic pressure
force of the blood as it pushes on the capillary walls
T or F hydrostatic pushes small proteins out of the capillaries into the interstitial space
T
define oncotic pressure
pulls fluid from the surrounding tissues back into the capillaries
What drives filtration
hydrostatic fluid
what drives reabsorption
oncotic fluid
what are the two forces that regulate solute movmemnt
diffusion
active transport
what is diffusion
movement of solute particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Is energy required for diffusion
no
What is active transport
solutes moving against contentration gradient
from [low] to [high]
requires ATP
What 3 things play a part in production of ATP and proper fn of the sodium/potassium pump
magnesium
phosphate
thiamine
What is ADH
antidiuretic hormone aka vasopressin
how does ADH work
stimulates water reabsorption
opens small channels in collecting duct
water moves through these channels from [low] (collecting duct) to [high] (blood)
What is ADH release triggered by
osmotic sensors
baroreceptors
RAA system
Where are the osmotic sensors that trigger ADH release? how do they work
hypothalamus
reacts to the concentration of solutes in your blood
Where are the baroreceptors that trigger ADH release? how do they work?
Lt atrium, carotid artery and aortic arch –> react to decreased arterial pressure
rt atrium and vena cavas react to less volume returning to the heart
What organ is essential in regulating fluid volume
kidneys