Fluid Dynamics

Question 1

A large steel water storage tank with a diameter of 20 m is filled with water and is open to the atmosphere (1 atm = 101 kPa) at the top of the tank. If a small hole rusts through the side of the tank, 5.0 m below the surface of the water and 20.0 m above the ground, assuming wind resistance and friction between the water and steel are not significant factors, how far from the base of the tank will the water hit the ground?

Answer 1

20.0 m

Question 2

Poiseuille’s law

Answer 2

Used to describe laminar flow of incompressible fluids through a long cylindrical tube. Poiseuille’s law contains five variables: the flow rate (Q), the pressure drop between both ends of the tube (ΔP), the radius of the tube (r), the length of the tube (L), and the viscosity (η). It can be written in two equivalent forms, both of which are given below:

Question 3

Bernoulli’s Equation

Answer 3

Bernoulli’s equation is essentially conservation of energy for fluids, and is given below:

P₁ + ρgy₁ + 1/2 ρv1² = P₂ + ρgy₂ + 1/2 ρv₂²