Fluid Compartments Flashcards
What percentage of the fluid in the body is intracellular?
55%
What percentage of the fluid in the body is interstitial?
36%
What are the main cations and anions found inside and outside cells?
Na+, K+, Ca2+
Cl-, Organic Phosphates, Proteins
What is the concentration, in mmol/l, of Na+, K+ and Ca2+ found inside and outside the cells?
Na+ - inside: 10mmol, outside: 140mmol
K+ - inside: 150mmol, outside: 5mmol
Ca2+ - inside: 10^-4mmol, outside: 2mmol
What is the concentration, in mmol/l, of Cl-, Organic Phosphates and proteins found inside and outside the cells?
Protein – outside:1, inside 2
Cl- - outside: 120, inside: 5
Organic Phosphates – outside: 5, inside: 130
What is the pH inside and outside cells?
- 4 outside
7. 1 inside
Define osmolarity
The concentration of a solution expressed as the total number of solute particles per litre.
In which direction does water move due to osmosis?
Towards the area of higher osmolarity
What feature does osmolarity not take into account?
Membrane permeability to ions
Define tonicity
The strength of a solution as it affects final cell volume
What do hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solutions do?
Hypertonic – make cells shrink
Hypotonic – make cells swell
Isotonic – cells don’t change
What feature do real cells have which prevents them from bursting due to having a higher osmolarity inside the cell than outside?
They have sodium-potassium pumps – maintains a lower concentration of sodium inside than outside
What two forces affect the movement of fluid between the capillary and the interstitial space?
Colloid Osmotic Pressure
Hydrostatic Pressure
What is oedema?
Abnormal collection of fluid in the interstitium due to the leakage of fluid from capillaries (leakage exceeds capacity of the lymphatics to collect and return it to the circulation)
