fluid balance , electrolytes

Question 1

when you have too much fluid volume what is the complcation as far as respiratory ?

Answer 1

pulmonary edema

Question 2

what is fluid volume excess ?

Answer 2

hypervolemia

Question 3

when ylu have too much fluid volume in the body , where does it go first ?

Answer 3

lungs

Question 4

if you going to give medication to correct fluid volume excess, how do you know its working ?

Answer 4

daily weight , at the same time daily ,

intake and output

Question 5

a patient that is disoriented but dehydrated , how do you give the patient fluid other than I.V or oral

Answer 5

pace it , don’t give it to them all at the same time , cause the patient can aspirate

Question 6

if you going to give and I v fluid , which cause fluid volume excess what are the symptoms

Answer 6

edema

Question 7

what do you see right away to let you know the patient the patient is getting too much volume ?

Answer 7

rapid respiratory
difficulty breathing
high blood pressure
pounding headache

Question 8

how do you know once you get the patient pain medication that its working ?

Answer 8

the patient tells you

the states that they are feeling better

Question 9

what is venous stasis ?

Answer 9

pooling of the blood

can lead to clotting

Question 10

How do you minimize the effect of venous stasis ?

Answer 10

Turn pt q2hrs

ambulated pt

Question 11

When you have fluid volume excess , how does the skin feel ?

Answer 11

Tight and shiny

Question 12

How do you destroy spores ?

Answer 12

Heat ( autoclave )

At high temperature for a long time

Question 13

What happens if you have low postassium , what s/s do you experience ?

Answer 13

Muscle twitching

Muscle weekness

Question 14

When you are infected with a wound , what isolation would you be in …

Answer 14

Contact

Question 15

When you are coughing , what type of isolation will you be in

Answer 15

Airborne

Question 16

If you have feces or vomiting , what kind of isolation will you be in

Answer 16

Contact or interic isolation

Question 17

If the patient has HIV , what type of isolation will you be in

Answer 17

Universal precaution

Contact or reverse isolation

Question 18

Would has eviscerated , what do you do ?

Answer 18

Moisten a clot with normal saline , and cover

Question 19

Patient is alert and oriented , and we’re trying to find out , what pain the patient have , what scale do you use

Answer 19

Scale 1-10

Question 20

Why do you keep a patient NPO before surgery ?

Answer 20

To prevent aspiration

Question 21

After surgery and second post op your allowed to eat , what should you include in your diet

Answer 21

Protein for healing

Carbs for energyv

Question 22

What happens when you are dehydrated , you urine output will

Answer 22

Decrease

Question 23

Which buffer system works in seconds , or most rapidly .. The first buffer

Answer 23

Blood buffer or buffer system

Question 24

Which buffer system takes seconds to hours

Answer 24

Respiratory

Question 25

Which one takes days and is laid back

Answer 25

Kidneys

Question 26

Body fluids where are they located

Answer 26

Intracellular & extracellular

Question 27

Most of the body fluid in located

Answer 27

Within the cell Intracellular

Question 28

Which electrolyte is found predominantly Intracellular

Answer 28

Postassium

Question 29

Which electrolyte is found extracellular

Answer 29

Sodium

Question 30

When sodium leaves the bodyb, what follows it

Answer 30

Water

Question 31

When we are looking at the buffer system , we're looking at alkalosis and acidosis

Answer 31

Acidosis - hydrogen ion | Alkalosis - bicarbonate

Question 32

To maintain acid - base balance and you are more acidtic , what do you need

Answer 32

Bicarbonate - alkaline

Question 33

If you have alkalosis and your trying to be more acidic you going to need more

Answer 33

Hydrogen -acid

Question 34

What is purulent ?

Answer 34

Infection Pus Foul smell

Question 35

Anything that goes wrong with potassium , which system does it affect first

Answer 35

The heart

Question 36

If you have too much potassium or too low you can go into

Answer 36

Cardiac arrest

Question 37

What is the normal PH in your blood

Answer 37

7.35-7.45

Question 38

What is peristalsis ? And how do you get it to work ?

Answer 38

Bowel | By moving around

Question 39

If you have a peristalsis ileus ... Second day post - op , how do you correct it If a patient just got out of surgery how do you get it to work ?

Answer 39

Ambulatory (walking ) | Leg excersize

Question 40

A sign that surgery is going wrong is

Answer 40

Hemmorage | V/S

Question 41

Signs and symptoms of Hemmorage are

Answer 41

High heart rate B/p Brain / confused Agitated

Question 42

What are streptococcus or staphacoccus

Answer 42

Bacterial infection

Question 43

Bacterial infection you get from the hospital

Answer 43

Novoscomial infection

Question 44

What is the simple thing you do , when you walk into a room and the patient is in respiratory distress

Answer 44

First thing to do is sit the patient up | Do not leave the pt alone

Question 45

When do you put on oxygen ?

Answer 45

Emergency 2 liters only If you need face mask you need doctors orders

Question 46

Patient on low sodium diet

Answer 46

No processed good No can food No seafood

Question 47

What are s/s of pulmonary embolism ?

Answer 47

``` Fast breathing Difficulty breathing gasping for air Gasping for air Cyanosis (blue ) Heart rate going up ```

Question 48

How do you prevent respiratory infection post surgical procedure

Answer 48

Cough and deep breathing

Question 49

patient is going to surgery , we need to obtain a consent , as part to f the nursing responsibility , what are your responsible for

Answer 49

witnessing the signature of the patient | sign , date and time

Question 50

if you go into isolation and patient is throwing up , its going to splatter , what type if gear should you wear

Answer 50

everything -PPE | GOOGLES , GLOVES , MASK , GOWN

Question 51

where is most of the acid located in the body

Answer 51

stomach

Question 52

after surgery , your suctioning what are you suctioning out and what is lefted in the body

Answer 52

acid | bicarb-alkalosis

Question 53

when it has to do with the whole body it is

Answer 53

metabolic

Question 54

patient came from surgery , in surgery patient t coded , patient went in with a fractured hip , when the patient comes out the first thing you want to know is

Answer 54

is the patient breathing | patent airway

Question 55

what is the purpose of a spirometer , what does it do ?

Answer 55

lung capacity | it gives maximum lung inflation

Question 56

how do you prevent pneumonia

Answer 56

keep the lungs pliable

Question 57

what is a natural response of stress , what is the first thing you do when you are stressed out

Answer 57

you have anxiety

Question 58

the body response to threat is

Answer 58

fight or flight response , which is a release of epinephrine

Question 59

when you fist go into shock or you are bleeding to death the first thing you going to see is

Answer 59

increased heart rate _ tachycardia | b/p goes down

Question 60

if you have impaired gas exchange what should you do with patient lungs

Answer 60

- check patient lungs sounds | - cough and deep breathing

Question 61

when you first gointo the room you know the patient has a history of chronic pain , the patient is agitated and moving around , what should you do first

Answer 61

investigate - ask the patient whats wrong | do and assessment

Question 62

when youre in a lot of pain , you do no breath

Answer 62

you guardd the area | decrease lung expand

Question 63

what do you do to increase lung expansion

Answer 63

- medicate the patient to keep comfy | - splint

Question 64

1 inch and hour is normal for drainage after 2hrs 6 inches of drainage , what do you do ?

Answer 64

reinforce it call the doctor continue to watch it

Question 65

if you see gushing red blood coming out of the dressing ? what do you do ?

Answer 65

apply pressures - artery was hit get help emergency - might have to hit the code button

Question 66

before the nurse does anything when you enter the patient room you should

Answer 66

wash your hands - handwashing

Question 67

you have a patient always in pain ,you enter therir room they are partying and dancing with friends , what do you do ?

Answer 67

- tell the friend to step outside while you give meds | - document

Question 68

what is and electrolyte ?

Answer 68

positive or negative charge that conduct itself in a fluid and dissolves

Question 69

body fluids , what do they do

Answer 69

moves | moves between compartments

Question 70

a pt family member stated her grandmother has a low tolerance for pain , what does that tell you as the nurse

Answer 70

patient is going to need meds oftern w/diagnosis - alteration -comfort offer the pt pain meds - don't wait for them to ask as needed

Question 71

a patient is stoch , grimmcing , and guareded condition , how do you as the pat to take meds ?

Answer 71

-maybe culture , and cant ask for meds | explain and educate patient about complication , they will have a longer stay in the hospital if they don't

Question 72

what level of pain do you tell the patient to ask for meds ?

Answer 72

3-5 level on the pain scale

Question 73

hyponatremia | hypernatremia

Answer 73

low sodium high sodium range 135-145

Question 74

hypokalemia | hyperkalemia

Answer 74

low postassium high postassium range 3.5-5

Question 75

hypocalcemia | hypercalcemia

Answer 75

low calcium high calcium range 4.5-5.5

Question 76

hypomagnesemia | hypermagnesimia

Answer 76

low magnesium high magnesium range 1.5-2.5