Fluid And Electrolytes Flashcards
Intracellular fluids (within the cell)
- Comprises two thirds of the body water 2. Constitutes about 45% of body weight 3. Provides the cell with internal aqueous medium for cellular chem
Nursing care for hyperkalemia?
Potassium expected ranges
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Signs and symptoms of hypokalemia?
Extracellular fluids Outside the cell includes: interstitial fluid (fluid between the cells) intravascular fluid (fluid in the blood vessels)
- Comprises one third of the body water 2. Constitutes about 15 % of body weight 3. Contained in two compartments 4. Maintains blood volume 5. Serves as the body’s transport system to and from cells
What is chloride?
-Most prevalent in extracellular fluid -With sodium, maintains electricity of body in neutral state -With hydrogen, forms hydrochloric acid in stomach to aid digestion -Plays role in acid–base balance
Nursing care for hypernatremia
What is magnesium?
Magnesium is needed for DNA repair. -It moderates cellular differentiation and proliferation and improves tissue sensitivity to circulating insulin. -It is a component of enzymes required for the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the release of energy from ATP. -It is also a component of enzymes involved in muscle contraction and protein synthesis
Nursing care for hypokalemia?
What is sodium?
-Most abundant electrolyte in ECF -Assists in maintaining osmotic pressure and acid–base balance with the conduction of nerve impulses -Aldosterone assists in regulating serum sodium balance Sodium balance -affected by food intake
Signs and symptoms of hypernatremia?
Chloride expected ranges
98-106 mEq/L
Nursing care interventions for hypocalcemia
Magnesium expected ranges
1.3-2.1 mEq/L
SS of hypocalcemia?
Calcium expected ranges
9.0-10.5 mg/dL
Transcellular fluids Fluid secreted and reabsorbed by epithelial cells
- Found in the cerebrospinal space, digestive juices, intra ocular fluid, pleural, synovial,and peritoneal fluid spaces 2. Constitutes about 2% of body weight
Sodium expected ranges
136-145 mEq/L
Nursing care for hyponatremia?
Hyponatremia signs and symptoms
What is calcium?
-Calcium is important for blood clotting, enzyme activation, and acid-base balance. =It gives firmness and rigidity to bones and teeth. -It is essential for lactation, the function of nerves and muscles (including heart muscle), and maintenance of membrane permeability.
Signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia?
Phosphate expected levels
3.0-4.5 mEq/L
What is potassium?
-Intracellular cation • Role in cellular depolarization and repolarization • Component of potassium pump
