Fluid And Electrolytes

Question 1

Intracellular fluids (within the cell)

Answer 1

1. Comprises two thirds of the body water 2. Constitutes about 45% of body weight 3. Provides the cell with internal aqueous medium for cellular chem

Question 2

Nursing care for hyperkalemia?

Answer 2

Question 3

Potassium expected ranges

Answer 3

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Question 4

Signs and symptoms of hypokalemia?

Question 5

Extracellular fluids Outside the cell includes: interstitial fluid (fluid between the cells) intravascular fluid (fluid in the blood vessels)

Answer 5

1. Comprises one third of the body water 2. Constitutes about 15 % of body weight 3. Contained in two compartments 4. Maintains blood volume 5. Serves as the body’s transport system to and from cells

Question 6

What is chloride?

Answer 6

-Most prevalent in extracellular fluid -With sodium, maintains electricity of body in neutral state -With hydrogen, forms hydrochloric acid in stomach to aid digestion -Plays role in acid–base balance

Question 7

Nursing care for hypernatremia

Answer 7

Question 8

What is magnesium?

Answer 8

Magnesium is needed for DNA repair. -It moderates cellular differentiation and proliferation and improves tissue sensitivity to circulating insulin. -It is a component of enzymes required for the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the release of energy from ATP. -It is also a component of enzymes involved in muscle contraction and protein synthesis

Question 9

Nursing care for hypokalemia?

Answer 9

Question 10

What is sodium?

Answer 10

-Most abundant electrolyte in ECF -Assists in maintaining osmotic pressure and acid–base balance with the conduction of nerve impulses -Aldosterone assists in regulating serum sodium balance Sodium balance -affected by food intake

Question 11

Signs and symptoms of hypernatremia?

Answer 11

Question 12

Chloride expected ranges

Answer 12

98-106 mEq/L

Question 13

Nursing care interventions for hypocalcemia

Answer 13

Question 14

Magnesium expected ranges

Answer 14

1.3-2.1 mEq/L

Question 15

SS of hypocalcemia?

Answer 15

Question 16

Calcium expected ranges

Answer 16

9.0-10.5 mg/dL

Question 17

Transcellular fluids Fluid secreted and reabsorbed by epithelial cells

Answer 17

1. Found in the cerebrospinal space, digestive juices, intra ocular fluid, pleural, synovial,and peritoneal fluid spaces 2. Constitutes about 2% of body weight

Question 18

Sodium expected ranges

Answer 18

136-145 mEq/L

Question 19

Nursing care for hyponatremia?

Answer 19

Question 20

Hyponatremia signs and symptoms

Answer 20

Question 21

What is calcium?

Answer 21

-Calcium is important for blood clotting, enzyme activation, and acid-base balance. =It gives firmness and rigidity to bones and teeth. -It is essential for lactation, the function of nerves and muscles (including heart muscle), and maintenance of membrane permeability.

Question 22

Signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia?

Answer 22

Question 23

Phosphate expected levels

Answer 23

3.0-4.5 mEq/L

Question 24

What is potassium?

Answer 24

-Intracellular cation • Role in cellular depolarization and repolarization • Component of potassium pump