Fluid and Electrolytes Flashcards
How much sodium is in normal plasma in the body?
135 - 145mmol/L
How was pottassium is in normal plasma in the body?
3.5 - 5mmol/L
How much chloride is in normal plasma in the body?
100 - 110mmol/L
How much HCO3 is in normal plasma in the body?
22 - 26mmol/L
What are normal glucose levels int he body?
3.5 - 7.8mmol/L
How much sodium is in normal saline?
154mmol/L
How much chloride is in normal saline?
154mmol/L
How much pottasium is in normal saline
0
What is the electrolyte make up of normal saline?
154mmol/L of sodium
154mmol/L of chloride
How much sodium is in hartmans
131mmol/L
How much pottassium is in hartmans?
5mmol/L
How much chloride is in hartmans
111mmol/L
How much HCO3 is in hartmans?
29mmol/L
What is the electrolyte make up of hartmans?
131mmol/L sodium
5mmol/L pottassium
111mmol/L for chloride 29mmol/L of HCO3
How much glucose is in 5% dextrose solution>
50g/L
Describe what you would give for fluid resusitation in a hypovolaemic patient?
- 500ml bolus of saline or hartmans over less than 15 minutes
- If still hypovolaemic then 250 - 500ml of saline/hartmans
This process can be repeated until you have given 2000ml
What are the daily requirements for maintenence fluids?
- 25-30ml/kg water
- 1mmol/kg pottassium, sodium and chloride
- 30 - 100g/day of glucose
What are our daily sodium requirements?
1 - 2mmol/kg
around 80mmol in 24 hours
What are our daily pottassium requirements?
1 - 2mmol/kg
(around 60mmol in 24 hours
What body compartments does saline enter?
The ECF (plasma and interstitial fluid
What electrolyte imbalances can saline cause if given in too high quantities?
Hypernatremia
Acidosis
Where does 5%dextrose go?
Equilibrilate everywhere (ie all body compartments) as it contains no electrolytes. This is why it is not used in resusitation only for maintenence and pure dehydration
What body compartments does hartmans solution go into?
Just the ECF (interstitial fluid and plasma)
what are colloids?
Large molecules which are supposed to stay in the intravascular space for longer than saline and can draw water in to eincrease volume. They also contain 145mmol/L of sodium and chloride but are not used as much anymore due to problems with anaphylaxis.
