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HESI/NCLEX > FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES > Flashcards

FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES Flashcards

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1
Q

ELECTROLYTES

A

Is a substance that on dissolving in a solution, ionizes : that is some of its molecules split or disscoiate into electrally charged atoms or ions

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2
Q

What is needed for homeostatis to exist

A
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3
Q

Intravascular

A

fluid inside the cells

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4
Q

Extracellular fluid

A
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5
Q

Thrid spacing

A
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6
Q

Common locations of thrid spacing

A
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7
Q

Edema

A

excessive accumulation of fluid in the interstital space

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8
Q

What causes edema

A
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9
Q

Localized edema

A

occurs as result of inury, trauma, surgery, burns, local inflammatory response

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10
Q

Generalized edema

A
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11
Q

What does body fluid do

A
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12
Q

Whos at greater risk for dehyrdation

A
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13
Q

Subtances found in body fluids

A
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14
Q

Permeable membrane

A

allows substances to pass through without restriction

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15
Q

Selectively permeable membrane

A

allows some solutes to pass through without restirction but prevents other solutes from passing freely

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16
Q

Diffusion

A

where a solute travels from an area with a high concentration to an area of lower concentration

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17
Q

Osmotic pressure

A
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18
Q

Filtration

A

is the movement of solutes and solvents by hydrostatic prssre

the movement is from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure

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19
Q

Fluid volume deficet means

A
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20
Q

Treatment goal for fluid volume deficit

A
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21
Q

isotonic dehydations

A

water and electrolytes are lost equally

hypovolemia

decreased blood volume and inadequate tissue perfusion

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22
Q

hypertonic dehydration

A

water loss is greater than electrolyte loss

fluid moves from the intracellular campartments to plasma

and interstital spaces

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23
Q

Hypotonic dehydration

A
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24
Q

Isotonic dehydration causes

A
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25
Q

Hypertonic dehydration causes

A
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26
Q

Hypotonic dehydration causes

A
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27
Q

Interventions

A
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28
Q

Fluid volume deficit

Cardiovascular assessment findings

A
  • Thready, increased pulse
  • Decreased blood pressure and orthostatic hypotension
  • Flat neck and hand veins
  • Decreased CVP
  • Dysrhythmias
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29
Q

Fluid volume deficit

Respiratory findings

A
  • Increased rate and depth of respirations
  • dyspna
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30
Q

Fluid volume deficit

CNS findings

A
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31
Q

Fluid volume deficit

Renal

A
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32
Q

Fluid volume deficit

Integumentary system findings

A
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33
Q

Fluid volume deficit

GI assessment findings

A
34
Q

Fluid volume deficit

Lab findings

A
35
Q

Fluid volume excess

A

hypervolemia

36
Q

fluid volume excess

Treatment goals

A
37
Q

fluid volume excess

Cardiovascular findings

A

bounding increased pulse rate

elevated BP

distended neck and hand veins

Dysrthymias

38
Q

fluid volume excess

Respiratory assessment findings

A
39
Q

fluid volume excess

Neuromusclar assessment findings

A

Altered LOC

headache

visual disturbances

skeletal muscle weakness

paresthesias

40
Q

fluid volume excess

Renal

A

increased urine output

Decreased urine out put if the kidnseys are the cause

41
Q

fluid volume excess

Integumentary

A
42
Q

fluid volume excess

GI assessment findings

A

increased gi motility

diarrhea

increased body weight

liver enlargement

ascitites

43
Q

fluid volume excess

Lab findings

A
44
Q

Hyponatermia is

A

sodium level

45
Q

Sodium imbalace is frequent associated with

A
46
Q

Hyponatremia causes

A
47
Q

Hyponatermia interventions

A
48
Q

Hyponatermia assessment findings

Cardiovascular

A
49
Q

Hyponatermia assessment findings

Respiratory

A
50
Q

Hyponatermia assessment findings

neuromusclar

A
51
Q

Hyponatermia assessment findings

CNS

A
52
Q

Hyponatermia assessment findings

GI

A
53
Q

Hyponatermia assessment findings

Renal

A
54
Q

Hyponatermia assessment findings

Integumentary

A
55
Q

Hyponatermia assessment findings

Lab findings

A
56
Q

Hypernatermia

A
57
Q

Hypernatermia causes

A
58
Q

Hypernatermia interventions

A
59
Q

Hypernatermia Assessment Findings

Cardiovascular

A
60
Q

Hypernatermia Assessment Findings

Respiratory

A
61
Q

Hypernatermia Assessment Findings

Neuromusclar

A
62
Q

Hypernatermia Assessment Findings

CNS

A
63
Q

Hypernatermia Assessment Findings

GI

A
64
Q

Hypernatermia Assessment Findings

Renal

A
65
Q

Hypernatermia Assessment Findings

Integumentary

A
66
Q

Hypernatermia Assessment Findings

Lab findings

A
67
Q

Normal sodium level

A
68
Q

Sodium containing foods

A
69
Q

What should you monitor a hypernatermic patient closely for

A
70
Q

Hypokalemia

A
71
Q

Causes of hypokalemia

A
72
Q

Hypokalemia interventions

A
73
Q

Hypokalemia assessment findings

Cardiovascular

A
  • Thready wea irregular pulse
  • Weak periopheral p
74
Q

Hypokalemia assessment findings

Respiratory

A
75
Q

Hypokalemia assessment findings

Neruomusclar

A
76
Q

Hypokalemia assessment findings

GI

A
77
Q

Hypokalemia assessment findings

lab findings

A
78
Q

Hyperkalemia

A
79
Q

Causes of Hyperkalemia

A
80
Q

Hypercalcemia interventions

A

1.

HESI/NCLEX (1 decks)

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