Fluid and Electrolytes

Question 1

what does Na play a role in

Answer 1

H2O, muscle contraction and nerve impulse

Question 2

Common diuretic causing hyponaturmia

Answer 2

Thiazides

Question 3

S/S hyponatremia

Answer 3

SALT LOSS – seizure and stupor (LOC decrease), ABD cramp, Lethargic, Tendon reflex, Loss of urine and appetite, Ortho Hypo/overactive bowel, Shallow resp, Spasm of muscles

Question 4

what does aldosterone do and diseases related

Answer 4

Absorb Na and H2O and excrete K. hyponautremia (decrease aldosterone), hypernautremia (increase aldosterone), hypokalemia (increase aldosterone)

Question 5

S/S of hypernatremia

Answer 5

No FRIED foods for you
o Fatigue, restless/really agitated, increase reflexed, Extreme thirst, Decrease U/O/dry mouth

Question 6

sodium has a opposite relationship with and coordinated relationship with

Answer 6

potassium and chloride

Question 7

common diuretic with hypokalemia

Answer 7

loop diuretic furosemide

Question 8

S/S of hypokalemia

Answer 8

Everything Low and Slow, the 7 L’s
o Lethargic, Low resp, Lethal dysrhythmias, Lots of urine, Leg cramp, limp muscles, Low HR/BP

Question 9

ECG of hypokalemia

Answer 9

ST depression/inverted t wave and prominent U wave

Question 10

type of diuretic causing hyperkalemia

Answer 10

potassium sparing, spironolactone

Question 11

S/S of hyperkalemia

Answer 11

MURDER – Muscle weakness, Urinary output none, Respiratory failure, Decreased cardiac contractibility, Early: muscle twitch/cramp, Rhythm changes (Tall t wave, prolonged PR interval)

Question 12

Calcium used in

Answer 12

Bone health, muscle and nerve conduction and clotting

Question 13

what regulates Ca

Answer 13

Regulated by vitamin D, parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

Question 14

S/S of hypocalemia

Answer 14

CRAMPS – Convulsions, Reflexes hyperactive, Arrhythmias (QT/ST interval prolonged), Muscle Spasms, Positive sign (Trousseau and Chvostek), Sensation of tingling/numb (paresthesia)

Question 15

S/S of hypercalcemia

Answer 15

WEAK – Weakness of muscles, EKG changes (short QT and widen T wave), Absent reflex/alter mental/abd distention, Kidney stone formation

Question 16

S/S of hypomagnesia

Answer 16

TWITCH – Trousseau/Chvostek sign, Weakness, Increase DTF, Torsade’s De Pointes (sudden cardiac death)/Tetany, Calcium and potassium levels low, HTN

Question 17

S/S of hypermagnesia

Answer 17

Lethargic – Lethargic, EKG (PR prolong Wide QRS complex), Tendon reflex diminished, Hypotension, Arrhythmias (brady and heart block), Red and hot face (flush), GI issues (N/V), Impaired breathing (weakness), Confusion (neuro)