Fluency

Question 1

What is Fluency ?

Answer 1

The ability to read texts with automaticity, accuracy, and prosody.

Question 2

Why is Phonological awareness and decoding a prerequisite to fluency?

Answer 2

They play a critical role in developing fluency because with out complete knowledge in both of these categories fluency will be less effective.

Question 3

Prosody

Answer 3

The ability to read with some sort of inflection.

Question 4

Automaticity

Answer 4

Reading without conscious effort.

Question 5

How do you assess automaticity?

Answer 5

Using the students’ rate of reading

Question 6

How do we assess accuracy?

Answer 6

Applying procedures of IRIs.

Question 7

How do we assess prosody?

Answer 7

Using recorded reading samples and NAEP Oral Reading Fluency Scale or yer multidimensional Fluency Scale.

Question 8

Fluency building techniques

Answer 8

— Echo Reading
— Repeated Readings
— Recorded Reading 
— Partner Reading 
— Choral Reading 
— Plays, Reader’s Theater, and Famous speeches 
— Paired Reading 
— Buddy Reading 
— Closed Caption Television

Question 9

What is Curriculum Based Measurement (CBM)?

Answer 9

This is the approach of using short passages, usually 100 words, from the child’s classroom. The child is then asked to read the pass and is judged on the basis of rate and accuracy.

Question 10

What is WCPM and how do you correctly find it?

Answer 10

—Words Correctly Read Per Minutes

— To do this, stop the child after 1 minute and simple count the number of words correctly pronounced.

Question 11

DIBELS

Answer 11

Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy. A program used to assess progress over time through different times through out the school year.

Question 12

Fluency- Oriented Approaches

Answer 12

Repeated readings or any variation of fluency- oriented instruction can be employed. Repeated or assisted reading gives students the support they need to read increasingly difficult texts.

Question 13

PALS

Answer 13

—Peer-assisted Learning Strategies

— boosts the fluency levels in 32 minute lessons.

Question 14

How to set up

Answer 14

— Rank students from high to low based on data, in terms of overall reading proficiency.
— split the list in half
— pair the students
Ex. In a class of 20, student 1 would be paired with student 11, student 2 with student 12, and student 3 with student 13.

Question 15

What are the four parts of PALS

Answer 15

1. Partner Reading( 10 minutes) Each partner takes turn reading for five minutes while the other coaches.
2. Story retell(2 minutes) Each partner takes 1 minute to to review what they have read. Using sentence frames, such as these:
   “ The first thing that happened was….”
   “ the next thing that happened was….”
3. Paragraph shrinking( 10 minutes) Students take turns reading paragraphs then summarizing or retelling what they read. Here are some prompts:
   “ Names the who and what.”
   “ Tell the most important things about the who and what.”
   “Say the main idea in 10 words or less.”
4. Prediction relay( 10 minutes) combine prediction and paragraph shrinking. Predict then read the next few paragraphs to test your prediction.

Question 16

What are the two parts of Oral Recitation?

Answer 16

Direct teaching phase

Mastery phase

Question 17

What are the steps of the direct teaching phase for fluency?

Answer 17

1. Reading the whole book to students followed by questions or a discussion about the book.
2. Breaking the book down(by paragraphs or sentences) and having the students follow along with their own text. Followed by echo reading. This is done through the whole story.
3. Assign a section to a student, allowing them to practice it then preform it for their classmates.( You can also allow them to select their own section).
4. Then proceed to the next story. You can assign worksheets, work on skills, and so on here.

Question 18

What percent must students reach during the mastery stage?

Answer 18

99%+ of 85 words per minute