Flowering Plant Form and Function

Question 1

Name and describe the 3 types of plant tissue systems.

Answer 1

Collenchyma, made up of collenchyma cells, Sclerenchyma, provides strength and protection to stem, and primary vascular tissue, made of xylem and phloem.

Question 2

Describe the roots and shoots of plants.

Answer 2

Roots absorb water and minerals, anchor the plant in the soil, and store nutrients. Shoots are where leaves emerge or produce flowers, or branches.

Question 3

What are and where are apical meristems located?

Answer 3

Region of undifferentiated cells that produce new tissue by cell division, it occurs at shoot and root tips of seed embryos. Activities in seedlings and mature plants have shoot and root apical meristems.

Question 4

Compare and contrast the features of monocots and eudicots.

Answer 4

Monocots have one cotyledon, usually 3 or multiple of 3 flower parts, has a scattered stem vascular bundle, and parallel leaf venation. Eudicots have two cotyledons, usually 4 or 5 of multiples of these flower parts, ring shape stem vascular bundle, and netted or branched leaf venation.

Question 5

Name and describe the 3 variations in seed-to-seed lifetimes.

Answer 5

Annuals which are plants that die after producing seed during their first year of life, biennials which are plants that do not reproduce during the first year of life but may reproduce within the following year, and lastly perennials which are plants that live for more than 2 years, often reproducing seeds each year after they reach reproductive maturity.

Question 6

List and describe 4 types of modified leaves.

Answer 6

Tendrils, help support plants to attach to a supporting structure, bud scales, the tough scales help protect buds from winter damage, bracts, attract pollinators, and spines, their role is defense.

Question 7

Describe the makeup of xylem and phloem and what they transport.

Answer 7

Xylem is unspecialized parenchyma cells, the tracheids and vessel elements conduct water, dissolved minerals, hormones, and other organic substances. Phloem is a thin-walled cells arranged end to end and they transport organic compounds and certain minerals.

Question 8

Give examples of different types of root modifications.

Answer 8

Corn and many other plants produce supportive prop roots from the lower portions of their stems. Many tropical trees grow in such thin soils that are vulnerable to being blown down in windstorms, such trees often produce dramatic aboveground buttress roots that help keep them upright.

Question 9

List and describe 2 different types of stem modifications.

Answer 9

Rhizomes occur underground and grow horizontally. Potato tubers are swollen’ food storing tips for rhizomes. Grass stems grow horizontally as rhizomes (underground) and stolons (aboveground).

Question 10

What are the 2 types of wood?

Answer 10

Vascular cambium and cork cambium.