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CoW: Water Supply > Flow Measurement > Flashcards

Flow Measurement Flashcards

1
Q

What are three considerations when selecting a flow meter?

A
  • Cost
  • Accuracy requirement
  • Range of flow rates
  • Head loss
  • Adaptability to site condition
  • Operating requiements
  • Ability to pass sediment and debris
  • Longevity of device for operating conditions
  • Maintenance requirements
  • Construction and installation requirements
  • Device standardisation and calibration
  • Resilience i.e., vandalism.
  • Impact on the environment
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2
Q

What is a differential head meter? Name three tyoes.

A

A meter based on Bernoulli’s Theorem.

  1. Nozzle meter - Do not use with fuel
  2. Orrifice plates - do not use with fuel
  3. Venturi meter
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3
Q

What are the advantages of a differential head meter?

A
  • Accurate
  • Easy to use
  • Can be field manufactured
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4
Q

What are the disadvantages of a differential head meter?

A
  • Can be expensive to machine
  • Careful selection required
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5
Q

What is the meter theory equation for actual flow rate?

A
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6
Q

What are the parts of a venturi meter?

A
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7
Q

How many pressure tappings are there in a Venturi meter?

A

2

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8
Q

How close should the nearest fitting be to the venturi meter?

A

15 x the diameter from the divergence.

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9
Q

What is the minimum differential pressure required in a venturi meter?

A

80mm H20

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10
Q

What is the minimum throat pressure required in a Venturi Meter?

A

2.5m H20

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11
Q

What is the minimum velocity required for a Venturi Meter?

A

0.3 m/s H20

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12
Q

What is the calulation for the coefficient of discharge (Cd)?

A
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13
Q

What is the equation for the coefficient of velocity (Cv)?

A
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14
Q

What is the eqaution for the coefficient of contraction?

A
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15
Q

Draw a basic weir, inluding:

  • Nappe
  • Air vent
  • Measuring staff
  • Crest
  • H
  • h1
  • Distance of staff from crest
A
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16
Q

What are the three types of open channel flows?

A
  1. Contracted weir
  2. Supressed weir
  3. Compound weir
17
Q

What rule do all open channel flow weirs follow?

A

Qa = Cd x Qt

18
Q

What are the characteristics of a contracted weir?

A
  • No guide at outlet
  • Bell mouth exit
  • Sides contract (come in) 2h1 from edges of approach.
  • Crest is a minimum of 2h1 high.
  • Aerated holes in contraction plates.
19
Q

What are the characteristics of a supressed weir?

A
  • Horizontal crest across full width
  • Crest at least 3h1 high
  • vertical approaches continue at least 0.3h1
  • Aerated by vent pipes at sides
20
Q

What is the calulation for the theoretical flow of a rectangular weir?

A
21
Q

What is a compound weir?

A

A combination of more than one tyoe of weir.

22
Q

What is the calulation for the theoretical flow of a vee notch weir?

A
23
Q

What are 4 different types of measuring flow?

A
  1. Turbine flow meter
  2. Accoustic flow meter (Doppler effect)
  3. Variable area flow meter
  4. Vortex Shedding
24
Q

What is the equation for water power?

A

CoW: Water Supply (11 decks)

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