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Pharm I > Flouroquinolones/UTI > Flashcards

Flouroquinolones/UTI Flashcards

1
Q

Flouroquinolones

A 
Ciprofloxacin
Ofloxacin
levofloxacin
moxifloxacin
Gatifloxacin
gemifloxacin
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2
Q

Flouroquinolones mech

A

Inhibits DNA gyrase which precents relaxation of coiled DNA so it can never uncoil enough for replication
-secondaryily transcription and replication
Bacericidal!

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3
Q

Flouroquinolones spectrum

A
  • aerobic G- and goof G+

- anaerobic for moxi and gemifoxacin

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4
Q

Ciproflocacin

A

UTI and anthrax prophylaxis and P. aerunginosa

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5
Q

Ofloxacin

A

Prostatitis

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6
Q

Levofloxacin

A

CAP

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7
Q

Moxifloxacin

A

Anaerobes

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8
Q

Gatifloxacin

A

ocular application only

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9
Q

Gemifloxacin

A

anaerobes

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10
Q

Flouroquinolones Pharm

A

Well absorbed orally but iron/mg/ca/ alum absorbtion decrease

  • poor CNS peneteation
  • excreted by kidney
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11
Q

Flouroquinolones Adverse

A 
GI disturbances 
All increase QT interval 
Tendon rupture!!
Cartilage erosions 
photsensitivity 
Contra: preg or nursing women and children
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12
Q

Metronidazole mech

A

Oral, IV, Top
- liver metabolisms and elinated by kideys
taken up by bacteria which conerts it to active drug by ferredoxin! Only present in the ECC of anaerobes!
- take up into DNA making it unstabel so Cydal!

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13
Q

Metronidazole spectrum

A

anaerobes!
G- and G+
good for mixed infections
H. Pylori, mixed intraabdom inf, vaginitis, RTI, pseudomembranous colitis

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14
Q

Metronidazole reactions

A

Disulfiram like reaction- so dont drink alch

Disgeusia- metallic taste

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15
Q

UTI specific Drugs

A

Nitrofuranotoin

Methenamine

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16
Q

Properties of UTI drigs

A

Renally excreted
will achieve therapuetic concetrantions in the urine > cidal activity in the urine
-acid pH will also activate drug

17
Q

Nitrofurantoin mech

A

Damaged bacterial DNA
wide spectrum except Proteus or Pseudomonas ( because they elevate pH in the urin)
- rapid absorptions after oral use
- should not be given if creatine clearance less then 50mL/min becuase abx wont reach high enough concentration in urin
*urine will be brown!

18
Q

Nitrofurantoin toxicity

A

Hemolytic anemia in G6PD def
Pulmonary fibrosis- in elderly
N/V/D
Conta: preg(38-42), less than one month of age, impared renal function, allergy

19
Q

Methenamine mech

A

begins as prodrug which decomposes to formaldehyde and ammonia in the acid medium
- it needs to go through Urea cycel ( so if poor liver function can get liver encepalopathy)

20
Q

Methenamine spect and toxi

A

Nearly all bacteria are sensitiv except proteus( will raise pH) so can add hippuric acid
Tox: really not toxic but most with decompose in urinary tract

21
Q

Methenamine contra

A

Hepatic insufficientcy becuase you need to be able to process ammonia

Pharm I (7 decks)

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