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8th Grade Science > Floaters And Sinkers Vocab > Flashcards

Floaters And Sinkers Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

At a constant temperature, the volume of a given quantity of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure upon the gas.

A

Boyle’s law

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2
Q

An upward force acting on an immersed or floating body by the supporting fluid.

A

Buoyancy

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3
Q

The net upward force exerted by a fluid on a submerged object.

A

Buoyant force

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4
Q

A property of a substance, equal to the mass divided by the volume; commonly thought of as the lightness or heaviness of a substance.

A

Density

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5
Q

Term applied to fluid that is moved out of the way when an object is placed in the fluid.

A

Displaced

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6
Q

Potential energy due to tension – either stretch (rubber bands, etc.) or compression (springs, etc.).

A

Elastic potential energy

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7
Q

The ability to do work. Appears in many forms, all of which are either kinetic or potential.

A

Energy

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8
Q

A state of balance between opposing forces.

A

Equilibrium

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9
Q

Anything that flows; any liquid or gas.

A

Fluid

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10
Q

A push or a pull. An influence on a body or system, causing or tending to cause a change in movement or shape.

A

Force

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11
Q

A pulling force exerted by any mass upon another.

A

Gravity

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12
Q

The tendency of matter to remain at rest if at rest, or, if moving, to keep moving in the same direction, unless affected by an outside (or unbalanced) force.

A

Inertia

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13
Q

Energy of motion. Includes heat, sound, and light (motion of molecules).

A

Kinetic energy (KE)

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14
Q

The amount of matter that is contained by an object.

A

Mass

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15
Q

The quantity of motion of a moving object, equal to the product of its mass and its velocity.

A

Momentum

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16
Q

Exists when the weight of the body is equal to the weight of an equal volume of the displaced fluid. The body remains suspended – neither rising nor sinking – unless acted upon by
an outside force.

A

Neutral buoyancy

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17
Q

Energy of position; energy that is stored and held in readiness. Includes chemical energy, such as fossil fuels, electric batteries, and the food we eat.

A

Potential energy (PE)

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18
Q

The force per unit of surface area; exerted perpendicular to the surface; measured in Pascals.

A

Pressure

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19
Q

A floating object displaces a weight of fluid equal to its own weight.

A

Principle of floatation

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20
Q

How fast an object is moving. The distance traveled over time.

A

Speed

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21
Q

The speed of something in a given direction.

A

Velocity

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22
Q

The relationship between buoyancy and displaced fluid: An immersed object
is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces.

A

Archimedes principle

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23
Q

The amount of space enclosed by a shape or object; how much 3-dimensional space
(length, width, and height) it occupies.

A

Volume

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24
Q

The downward force caused by gravity on an object.

A

Weight

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25
Q

The force exerted on a surface divided by the total area over which the force is exerted

A

Pressure

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26
Q

Pressure

A

The force exerted on a surface divided by the total area over which the force is exerted

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27
Q

A unit of pressure equal to 1 N per square meter

A

Pascal

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28
Q

Pascal

A

A unit of pressure equal to 1 N per square meter

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29
Q

A material that can easily flow

A

Fluid

30
Q

Fluid

A

A material that can easily flow

31
Q

An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure

A

Barometer

32
Q

Barometer

A

An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure

33
Q

The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume

A

Density

34
Q

Density

A

The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume

35
Q

The upward force exerted by a fluid on a submerged object

A

Buoyant force

36
Q

Buoyant force

A

The upward force exerted by a fluid on a submerged object

37
Q

The rule that the buoyant force acting on a submerged object is equal to the weight of the volume of fluid displaced by the object

A

Archimedes principle

38
Q

Archimedes principle

A

The rule that the buoyant force acting on a submerged object is equal to the weight of the volume of fluid displaced by the object

39
Q

The rule that when force is applied to a confined fluid the change in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid

A

Pascals principle

40
Q

Pascals principle

A

The rule that the buoyant force acting on a submerged object is equal to the weight of the volume of fluid displaced by the object

41
Q

A system that multiplies force by transmitting pressure from a small surface area through a confined fluid to a larger surface area

A

Hydraulic system

42
Q

Hydraulic system

A

A system that multiplies force by transmitting pressure from a small surface area through a confined fluid to a larger surface area

43
Q

What does pressure depend on?

A

The amount of pressure you exert depends on the area over which you exert a force

44
Q

How do fluids exert pressure?

A

In a fluid all of the force is exerted by the individual particles combine to make up the pressure exerted by the fluid

45
Q

How does fluid pressure change with elevation and death

A

Atmospheric pressure decreases as your elevation increases

Water pressure increases as depth increases

46
Q

Why does pressure decrease as your elevation increases

A

At a higher elevation there is less air above you and therefore less air pressure

47
Q

Why does water pressure increase the depth increases

A

Because the further down into the water you go, the more water there is above you, and the more it can push down on you

48
Q

How can you predict whether an object will float or sink in a fluid?

A

By comparing the densities

49
Q

What is the effect of the buoyant force

A

The force acts in the direction opposite to the force of gravity, so it makes an object feel lighter

50
Q

When will an object sink in water

A

When it is more dense than the water or less than 1 g/cm³

51
Q

When will an object float in water

A

When it is less dense than the water or less than 1 g/cm³

52
Q

What does Pascal’s principal say about change in fluid pressure

A

When force is applied to a confined fluid the change in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid

53
Q

How does a hydraulic system work

A

A hydrology system multiplies force by applying the force to a small surface area. The increase in pressure is then transmitted to another part of the confined fluid, which pushes on a alarmed surface area

54
Q

The rule that the faster a fluid moves the less pressure the fluid exerts

A

Bernoullis principle

55
Q

Bernoullis principle

A

The rule that the faster a fluid moves the less pressure the fluid exerts

56
Q

An upward force

A

Lift

57
Q

Lift

A

An upward force

58
Q

How Is fluid pressure related to the motion of a fluid

A

Bernoulli’s principle states that as the speed of a moving fluid increases the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases

59
Q

What are some applications of Bernoulli’s principle

A

It helps explain how planes fly, how an atomizer works, why smoke rises up the chimney, and how we flying disc glides through the air

60
Q

A ship stays afloat as long as the buoyant force is greater than or equal to the ships ________

A

Weight

61
Q

What is the SI unit of pressure called

A

The newtons per square meter or the pascal

62
Q

What is force measured in

A

Newtons

63
Q

Why does a helium balloon float in air

A

Because the although the air inside a regular balloon is under pressure is denser than the air surrounding it, the air in a helium balloon is heated and is less dense than the air around it

64
Q

What is a piston

A

It is like a stopper that slides up-and-down in a tube

65
Q

If you divide the force exerted on surface by the total area of the surface you will know the…

A

Pressure

66
Q

If you divide the mass of an object by its volume you know the objects…

A

Density

67
Q

Formula for pressure ?

A

Pressure = force/area

68
Q

Formula for density?

A

Density = mass/volume

69
Q

The weight of an object that floats has the same value as the…

A

Buoyant force

70
Q

Increase in pressure on a confined fluid is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid is known as

A

Pascals principle

71
Q

The concept that the pressure of the fluid decreases as the speed of the fluid increases is known as

A

Bernoulli’s principle

72
Q

If you stand on 1 foot, you increase the pressure you exert on the ground because…

A

You have decreased the area over which the force is applied

8th Grade Science (2 decks)

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