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particle technology > Floatation and Flocculation > Flashcards

Floatation and Flocculation Flashcards

1
Q

This is a separation process commonly used in the mining and mineral processing
industries.

A

Flotation

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2
Q

These cells provide the necessary environment for air bubbles to interact with
hydrophobic particles, causing them to rise to the surface for collection

A

Flotation Cells

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3
Q

Do not use mechanical agitation but rely on the introduction of air under pressure

A

Pneumatic cells

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4
Q

. Described as one of the early types of flotation cells used in the mineral processing
industry; it was oldest and simplest but is now practically obsolete.

A

Simple Callow flotation cell

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5
Q

The size range of materials treated in floatation

A

from 20 mesh to below 200 mesh

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6
Q

Particles that attract water

A

Hydrophilic

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7
Q

Particles that repel water.

A

Hydrophobic

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8
Q

This loss in _______ is a measure of the wettability of the solid phase by the air and
there- fore an indication of the floatability.

A

Energy

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9
Q

In From Flotation, chemical agent added to cause ar adherence le called

A

Collectors

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10
Q

Chemicals used to control the flotation environment and adjust the interaction
between collectors and the mineral surfaces.

A

Modifier

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11
Q

This kind of methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC).

A

Alcohols

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12
Q

Widely used for sulfide minerals such as copper, lead, and zinc. They form
a hydrophobic layer on the mineral surface

A

Xanthates

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13
Q

Amine Compounds are used for ________ and oxide minerals.

A

Silicate

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14
Q

Frothing Agents is specifically designed compounds like _______

A

Pine oil

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15
Q

They ensure that air bubbles are evenly distributed and have sufficient stability to
carry the hydrophobic particles to the surface. Common frothers include:

A

Alcohol, Polyglycols and Frothing
agents

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16
Q

Are substances that help produce a stable froth layer at the top of the flotation
cell

A

Frothers

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17
Q

Modifiers are chemicals used to control the flotation environment and adjust the
interaction between collectors and the _________

A

Mineral Surface

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18
Q

According to the report, what determines whether particles attach to air bubbles
and float in flotation?

A

None of the Above

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19
Q

What is discharged as tailings in the flotation process

A

Depleted slurry

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20
Q

In which application is flotation used to concentrate sulfide ores of copper, lead,
and zinc?

A

Mineral Processing

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21
Q

What distinguishes a Jameson cell from a mechanical flotation cell?

A

It has a high-shear environment

22
Q

Flotation relies on the relative adsorption or __________ of solid surfaces by the
fluid, which is controlled by surface or interfacial energy, where interfacial tension
plays a critical role.

A

Wetting of Solid Surface by the fluid

23
Q

The effectiveness of flotation depends on the differences in the surface chemistry
of the materials to be separated

A

Surface Chemistry

24
Q

is fed to a flotation cell termed the rougher, where the first or rough separation by
flotation is made

A

Conditioner

25
Q

The other material which sinks in the water and is removed from the bottom is
called ________ ?

A

Tailings

26
Q

The aggregation of particles to form larger clusters

A

Flocculation

27
Q

Destabilize particles by reducing its repulsive charges

A

Coagulation

28
Q

Chemical additives that cause suspended solids to form aggregates called flocs.

A

Flocculating agents

29
Q

Which of the following is a primary mechanism driving perikinetic flocculation?

A

Brownian Motion

30
Q

The person who developed the model for perikinetic flocculation, focusing on the
diffusional flux of particles towards a stationary particle.

A

Von Smoluchowski

31
Q

This random movement that causes particles to come into contact with each other
in perikinetic flocculation.

A

Brownian motion

32
Q

The movement of particles towards a central particle in a radial direction

A

Radial diffusion

33
Q

What is the significance of flocculation in water treatment, particularly in the
context of contact flocculation- direct filtration, as emphasized in the report?

A

It facilitates the removal of
suspended particles during filtration.

34
Q

What is the recommended design rate for reverse graded filters in direct filtration?

A

10 mh–1

35
Q

Which type of filter media configuration is NOT advised for normal direct filtration
rates ranging from 10 to 18 m3 m–2 h–1?

A

Single-media sand filters

36
Q

Which stage of the filtration process involves various factors such as interception,
settling, diffusion, and hydrodynamic forces?

A

Transport

37
Q

What is a significant advantage of direct filtration over conventional methods, as
highlighted in the report?

A

Cost Reductions

38
Q

What is the primary disadvantage associated with direct filtration in terms of
operational challenges?

A

shorter filter runs

39
Q

Which factor primarily contributes to the reduced operational and maintenance
costs associated with direct filtration?

A

Minimal equipment required

40
Q

Which parameter is used to optimize filter operation in direct filtration systems
according to the report?

A

Hydraulic head loss

41
Q

Which operational aspect of direct filtration is recommended, especially for waters
with elevated iron concentrations or when polyelectrolytes are used, according to the
report?

A

Implementing surface wash or air
scour

42
Q

What process occurs when suspended particles adhere to the grain surfaces or
existing deposits within the filter bed?

A

Attachment

43
Q

What is flocculation?

A

The aggregation of particles to form
larger clusters

44
Q

What is the difference between flocculation and coagulation?

A

Coagulation destabilizes particles,
while flocculation aggregates them into
flocs.

45
Q

Flocculation uses _____ to form aggregates from suspended solids.

A

flocculating agents

46
Q

In water treatment, flocculation is used to remove _____.

A

Suspended sediments

47
Q

All are types of flocculants, except?

A

Monomeric Flocculants

48
Q

All are types of polymeric flocculants, except?

A

Ionic polymers

49
Q

In perikinetic flocculation, what is the role of Brownian motion?

A

It induces random movement
leading to particle collisions

50
Q

In the context of perikinetic flocculation, What does the term ‘radial diffusion’ refer
to?

A

The movement of particles towards a
central particle in a radial direction

particle technology (9 decks)

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