Fliud And Electrolyte Balance

Question 1

Hyponatremia values

Answer 1

<130mEq/l of sodim
Acute=100mEq/L
Chronic =115mEq/L

Question 2

Acute hyponatremia

Answer 2

Neurological manifestation

Question 3

Chronic hyponatremia

Answer 3

Pontine myelinolysis

Behavior changes,cranial nerve palcy,progressive weekness

Question 4

Hypervlemic hyponatremia

Answer 4

dec osmolality ,
urine Na:<15mmol/l,
correct upto 125mmol/l,
🔥Correction should be slow-and gradual at a rate of 2mEq/l🔥
4th hrly assesment

Question 5

Types of hyponatremia

Answer 5

Hypervolemic
Hypovolemic=isotonic saline,5%dextrose
Normovolemic=SIADH/renal failure=fluid restict/demiclocyclin
Pseudo hyponatremia =due to other solute

Question 6

Rapid correction of hyponatremia leads to

Answer 6

Irreversible myelin lysis of pontine

Question 7

Which Na level shoul be treated slowly

Answer 7

Both hypo and hyper natremia

Question 8

Hypernatremia

Causes

Answer 8

> 150mEq/l

Renal cardiac nsaid corticosteroids

Question 9

Types of hypernatremia

Answer 9

Euvolemic
Hypo
Hyper

Question 10

Why hypernatremia is treated slowly

Answer 10

Cerebral oedima

Hyperglysemia

Question 11

Normail range of k

Answer 11

4-4.5mEq/l

Question 12

Hypokalemia
Occurs in
Features

Answer 12

<3.5

After insulin treatment in dm coma
Saline insusion
Pyloric stenosis

Depressed reflex,QT prologed,ST depresses🔥, T inverted,alkalosis

Question 13

Hyperkalaemia

Why is it dangerous

Answer 13

> 6mEq/l

Peak T wave
Causes sudden cardia arrests