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ELNC-1138 > Flip-Flops and Digital Registers > Flashcards

Flip-Flops and Digital Registers Flashcards

1
Q

What is a “counter” device used for in Digital Logic Circuits

A

A counter device stores the number of times and event will occur (sometimes clock driven)

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2
Q

Counters can be created using ______________.

A

Flip-Flops

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3
Q

What is a Flip-Flop or a latch?

A

a circuit with two stable states with the ability to store specific point-in-time information

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4
Q

Flip-Flops vs. Latches, what’s the difference?

A

Flip-Flops are dependent on timing parameters like “CLOCKING”
Latches are generally used to describe a “STORAGE ELEMENT”

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5
Q

Flip-Flops and Latches are both used in ______________________?

A

Data-storage applications

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6
Q

Flip-flops are used for synchronizing input signals to a specific timing signal as well as used for counting pulses. Flip-flops are either _______________ or __________________.

A

Simple (synchronous) or clocked (time triggered)

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7
Q

What are the four types of Flip-flop circuits?

A

RS Flip-flop (non-synchronous)
JK Flip-flop (clock input)
D Flip-flop (clock input)
T Flip-flops (clock input)

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8
Q

Which Flip-flop are the simplest memory element circuit in use today?

A

RS Flip-flop

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9
Q

What are Digital Registers?

A

they are electronic circuits that store a package of information containing more than 1 bit

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10
Q

How does a Digital Register work?

A

Information is transferred from the input to the output at one moment in time, the clock pulse

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11
Q

What are Shift Registers?

A

shift registers allow the information to be shifted from cell to cell on each pluse

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12
Q

How does a Shift Register work?

A

they manipulate digital communication and speed up how information is transmitted

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13
Q

What are the 4 types of Shift Registers?

A

1) Univeral shift registers
2) Serial in - Parallel out
3)Parallel in - Serial out
4) Serial in - Serial out

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14
Q

Shift registers are capable of shifting data…

A

To the left or right

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15
Q

A development board is comprised of 3 key components:

A

1) Central Processing Unit (CPU)
2) Memory
3) Interface

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16
Q

CPU and its devices are connected together using 3 busses:

A

1) Data Buss
2) Control Buss
3) Addressing Buss

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17
Q

The CPU processes the information received from the digital system’s memory, it contains:

A

1) Register Files
2) a Control Unit
3) an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

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18
Q

The Memory component of the development board contains two parts:

A

1) EEPROM
2) RAM

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19
Q

What does EEPROM stand for? How does it work?

A

Electronic Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EEPROM stores the program of the digital system

20
Q

What does RAM stand for? How does it work?

A

Random Access Memory
RAM stores the data utilized with the program

21
Q

What is a CPU and how does it work?

A

A Central processing unit (CPU) is a programmable device that executes the program stored in its memory.

22
Q

How does an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) work?

A

it decodes the instructions from the program stored in the ROM, each “ROM” input has a corresponding hexadecimal “OPCODE”, based on the “OPCODE” results interpreted by the ALU, the control unit will enable different operations to be executed

23
Q

There are 3 standard CPU types:

A

1) microprocessor
2) microcontroller
3) digital signal processor

24
Q

What is a microcontroller?

A

a computer-provided one-chip solution

25
Q

What are the 4 components of a microcontroller?

A

1) microprocessor
2) ROM and RAM memory
3) timers
4) parallel and serial input-output ports

26
Q

Microcontrollers are typically used for what kind of applications?

A

real-time applications such as fire alarm and detection control units

27
Q

Microcontroller applications are also known as

A

Embedded systems

28
Q

What are the 3 components of a fire alarm system?

A

1) a control unit
2) initiating devices
3) signaling devices

29
Q

What is a Conventional fire alarm system?

A

Also known as a “zoned” fire alarm system, each zone of the system has all devices connected to one circuit

30
Q

What is an Addressable fire alarm system?

A

Also known as a “intelligent” fire alarm system, each device regardless of zone has a unique digital address

31
Q

What are the 5 components of an effective fire alarm system?

A

1) proper SELECTION of detection devices
2) SENSITIVITY of detection devices
3) devices are installed in correct LOCATION
4) INSTALLATION materials and methods
5) System MAINTENANCE

32
Q

What are examples of Initiating devices apart of a fire alarm system?

A

1) manual pull station
2) heat detector
3) smoke detector
4) sprinkler flow switches

33
Q

What are examples of signaling devices apart of a fire alarm system?

A

1) ancillary devices
2) strobes
3) bells

34
Q

What is the purpose of an annunciator? What do the colours RED and YELLOW represent?

A

An annunciator is used to visually show/indicate the status of a fire alarm system.
RED = Alarm condition
YELLOW = Trouble or Supervisory condition

35
Q

What are heat detectors?

A

Sensors that monitor the convected thermal energy of fire in a room or area

36
Q

How does a rate-of-rise heat detector work?

A

Rate-of-rise heat detectors operate when the ambient air temperature increases at a rate of more than 8 degrees Celcius per minute.

37
Q

What temperature do fixed temperature heat detectors typically have?

A

57 degrees Celcius or 88 degrees Celcius

38
Q

Explain a linear heat detector

A

use two electrical conductors which are held apart by heat-sensitive insulation with a continuous outer sheath

39
Q

What are smoke detectors used for?

A

sensing the presence of visible or invisible particles of combustion

40
Q

Photoelectric vs. Ionization, what’s the difference?

A

Photoelectric use light as the triggering device, when smoke enters the chamber it blocks the light source thus triggering the alarm
Ionization uses small amounts of radioactive materials that ionize its chamber, when smoke enters the chamber it steals the ions, dropping the current flow thus triggering the alarm

41
Q

Fire alarm systems are designed according to?

A

Occupancy type

42
Q

The OBC sets out…

A

The minimum requirements for the design of the fire alarm system

43
Q

OBC requirements for a fire alarm system include:

A

1) where automatic fire detectors are required
2) annunciation requirements
2) zoning indications
4) monitoring of sprinkler systems
5) emergency voice communication requirements

44
Q

What is an Alert Signal?

A

An audible signal intent to avise people of a fire emergency, utilize in 2-stage systems

45
Q

What is an Alam Signal?

A

Also known as an “Evacuation Signal” it’s an audible signal transmitted through a zone or zones

46
Q

Hertz means?

A

cycles per second

ELNC-1138 (1 decks)

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