Flight Plan And General Procedures Flashcards
What do you need before entering controlled airspace under IFR
A filed IFR flight plan
A clearance
How to file a flight plan
FSS (in person, radio, phone)
DUATS (online)
Through radio/phone with ATC
File at least 30 min prior to departure time
Only stored in ATC system for 1.5 hrs past departure time
How to cancel flight plan
Towered airports- auto cancelled by ATC on landing
Non towered airports- you must contact ATC/FSS to cancel
Can cancel anytime not in IMC and outside Class A
What are preferred IFR routes
Preferred IFR routes are published in the Airport/Facility Directory. If a preferred route is published to your destination, you should file it in your flight plan
Obstacle departure procedure (ODP)
ONLY provides obstruction clearance
May be flown without an ATC clearance unless a SID or other instructions are assigned
Graphic ODP denote “obstacle” in chart title
All new RNAV ODPs are avail in graphic form
Found in front of NACO chart books arranged alphabetically by city
Jepp charts show ODPs under airport diagram, large airports separate chart
Define Standard Instrument Departure (SID)
Provide obstruction clearance and help reduce radio congestion and workload by simplifying ATC clearances
Pilot NAV SIDs- navigate by charted routes, minimal radio instruction
Vector SIDs- navigation by radar vectors, routes not printed
Some SIDs depict non standard radio failure procedures
File NO SIDs in remarks if you don’t want them
RNAV SIDs and all graphical RNAV ODPs require RNAV 1 performance (+/- 1nm for 95% total flight time)
Standard Terminal Arrivals (STAR)
Serves as transition from enough structure to a point from which an approach can begin
Transition routes connect en route fixes to the basic star procedure
Usually named according to the fix at which the basic procedure begins
Put “NO STAR” in remarks of flight plan if you don’t want one
RNAV STARs require RNAV 1 performance
Do you need an alternate
If within 1 hour before to 1 hour after ETA forecasted weather is less than…
2,000 ft ceiling and/or
3 SM visibility …
You need an alternate
IFR cruising altitudes
Based on magnetic compass
Odd ducks fly east…
0-179 - odd thousands or FLs
180-359 - even thousands or FLs
IFR altitudes
General
Minimum prescribes, if none…
Mountainous area - 2,000 ft above highest obstacle within 4nm
Non mountainous - 1,000 ft above highest obstacle within 4nm
IFR minimum fuel requirements
Fuel from departure to destination + destination to alternate + 45 min at normal cruise
Minimum weather required to list airport as an alternate
Precision- 600 ft, 2 sm
Non precision- (other than non WAAS GPS) 800 ft, 2 sm
No IAP- ceiling and vis allowing descent from MEA, approach, and landing under basic VFR
Minimum equipment for VFR day flight
Altimeter Tach Oil temp Manifold pressure Airspeed indicator Temp gauge Oil pressure
Fuel gauge Landing gear pos indicator Anti collision lights Magnetic compass ELT Safety belt
Minimum equipment for VFR night
Fuses Landing lights Anti collision lights Position lights Source of power... battery
IFR day equipment requirements
VFR day + Generator/alternator Radios (2way and appropriate nav) Altimeter (baro) Ball (slip/skid indicator)
Clock (hrs, min, sec installed)
Attitude indicator
Rate of turn indicator
Directional gyro (heading)
Flying with inop equipment
Aircraft has MEL? Yes… follow it
No… is it required by…
91.205, AD, equip list, VFR day cert requirements? Yes… no fly
No… flying permitted if…
Equip removed or deactivated and placarded, and pilot or
mechanics deems safe to fly
Standard VOE service volumes
Terminal - 25NM 1,000-12,000ft
Low - 40 NM 1,000-18,000ft
High - 40NM 1,000-14,500ft
100NM 14,500-18,000ft
130NM 18,000-45,000ft
100 NM 45,000-60,000ftVOR limitations
Cone of confusion
Reversed sensing (used incorrectly)
Requires line of sight to station
VOR receiver checks
Every 30 calendar days VOT +/- 4 degrees Repair station +/- 4 Ground check point +/- 4 Airborne checkpoint +/- 6 Dual VOR +/- 4 Prominent landmark: on selected radial at least 20nm from VOR low altitude +/- 6
VOR check sign off
Date
Error
Place
Signature
VOR specs
Distance per dot?
Degrees full deflection?
VHF Omni directional Range
108.0-117.95 except 108.10-111.95 with odd tenths
Full scale deflection 10 degrees
Distance off course 200 ft per dot per nm from station
Distance to station = TAS x minutes for bearing change/degrees
Time to station= seconds for bearing change/degrees
Standard service volumes do not apply to published routes
DME-distance measuring equipment specs
962-1213 MHz
Normally tunes automatically with a paired VHF station (VOR/LOC)
The airborne DME unit transmits an interrogation signal
The ground DME facility receives and replies to the interrogation
The time passed is used by the airborne unit to calculate the slant range distance from aircraft to station
Slant range error is negligible at 1nm from the DME station per 1,000ft
NDB- non directional beacon
Operates at the 190-535 KHz range Low to medium frequency ADF- automatic direction finder in aircraft points towards the NDB station Magnetic bearing=magnetic heading+relative bearing Compass locator - 15nm Medium high - 25NM High - 50 nm High high - 75nm
Position reporting points
ID Position Time Type of flight plan Altitude Name of next fix ETA to next fix Supplemental info
IFR departure clearance items
Clearance Route Altitude Frequency Transponder
Clearance void time
Time at which your clearance is void, after which you may not takeoff. You must notify ATC within 30 min of void time if you did not depart.
Hold for release
You may not takeoff until you have been released for IFR departure
Release time
Earliest time you may depart under IFR
Expect depart clearance time (EDCT)
Runway release time given under traffic management programs at busy airports. Must depart no earlier of later than 5 min from EDCT
Mandatory reports
MARVELOUS VFR C500 Missed approach Airspeed-10kts or 5% TAS Reaching a holding fix (time/alt) VFR on top *ETA - 3 min change Leaving a holding fix *Outer market Unforecasted Wx Safety of flight Vacating an altitude *Final approach fix Radio/nav failure
*Compulsory reporting points
500- unable to climb/descend 500 fpm
IFR takeoff minimums
None for part 191
Part 121, 125, 129, 135:
- prescribed TO mins for runway, if none,
- 1-2 engines need 1SM vis
- more than 2 engines need 1/2 SM visor
Holding pattern timing
At or below 14,000 : 1 min inbound leg
Above 14,000 : 1.5 min inbound leg
DME GPS hold : fly outbound leg to specified distance from fix/waypoint
Max holding speeds
Up to and including 6,000 : 200kts 6,001-14,000 : 230kts 14,001+ : 265kts *may be restricted to 175 on some IAPs *Airforce fields 310 *Navy fields 230 (unless otherwise depicted)
IFR altitudes DA/H MAA MCA MDA/H MEA MOCA MORA MRA MVA OROCA
DA/H descent altitude/height
MAA max authorized altitude
MCA minimum crossing altitude
MDA/H minimum descent altitude/height
MEA minimum enroute altitude (nav/obstruction clearance 1,000 non mtn 2,000 mtn terrain)
MOCA minimum obstruction clearance altitude (nav/obstruction clearance within 22nm of navaid)
MORA minimum off route altitude
MRA minimum receiving altitude
MVA minimum vectoring altitude
OROCA Off route obstruction. Clearance altitude (obstruction clearance within 4nm of course, 1,000 non mtn 2,000 mtn)
RVR Visibility
1,600=1/4 2,400=1/2 3,200=5/8 4,000=3/4 4,500=7/8 5,000=1 6,000=1 1/4
Where do you find preferred IFR routes
Chart Supplement
