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Instruments & nav > Flight Instruments > Flashcards

Flight Instruments Flashcards

1
Q

Define static pressure

A

Ambient pressure

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2
Q

Define dynamic pressure

A

Pressure due to motion

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3
Q

Explain how the airspeed indicator works

A

Dynamic pressure from the pitot tube is linked to the wafer. This expands and contracts depending on the ambient pressure from the static pressure

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4
Q

Explain how the altimeter works

A

A sealed aneroid wafer expands and contracts depending on the surrounding static pressure

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5
Q

Explain how the VSI works

A

Static pressure is connected to a sealed wafer. The wafer is surrounded by air that is static as well but is linked through a calibrated leak.

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6
Q

How will a blocked static port affect the altimeter?

A

Freezes it

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7
Q

How will a blocked static port affect the VSI?

A

Constant zero

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8
Q

What will the airspeed indicator read when only the RAM air input is blocked? And Why?

A

Zero

The dynamic pressure inside the airspeed indicator releases through the drain valve. As a result, the casing is filled with only static pressure.

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9
Q

What will the airspeed indicator read when the RAM air input and drain valve are blocked? And Why?

A

Acts as an altimeter

Climb: Airspeed increases
Descent: Airspeed decreases

The dynamic pressure is trapped inside the wafers. In a climb, the pressure decreases. As a result, the pressure difference between the wafers and casing becomes greater and indicates an increase in airspeed.

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10
Q

What are the gyroscopic instruments?

A

Attitude, heading, turn coordinator

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11
Q

What are the pitot/static instruments

A

Airspeed, altimeter, VSI

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12
Q

What gyroscopic instrument(s) are electrically powered?

A

Turn coordinator

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13
Q

What gyroscopic instruments are vacuum powered?

A

Attitude and heading

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14
Q

What are the two principles of gyroscopes?

A

Rigidity in space and precession

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15
Q

What is precession?

A

A force applied to a gyroscope is felt 90 degrees in the direction of rotation

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16
Q

What is rigidity in space?

A

A gyroscope will resist any force applied to it

17
Q

What gyroscopic principles does the heading indicator use?

A

Rigidity in space

18
Q

What gyroscopic principles does the attitude indicator use?

A

Rigidity in space and gyroscopic precession

19
Q

How is the attitude indicator mounted?

A

Horizontally

20
Q

How is the heading indicator mounted?

A

Vertically

21
Q

What gyroscopic principles does the turn and slip indicator use?

A

Gyroscopic precession

22
Q

What gyroscopic principles does the turn coordinator use?

A

Gyroscopic precession

23
Q

The turn coordinator shows

A

Rate of turn and rate of roll

24
Q

The turn and slip indicator shows

A

Rate of turn

25
Q

Explain the compass oscillation error

A

The compass bouncing around due to turbulence

26
Q

Explain the compass deviation error

A

Electronic interference without the aircraft interferes with the compass’ readings

27
Q

Explain the compass dip error

A

The farther north you are the lines of magnetic field dip vertically downwards. The compass turns downwards

28
Q

Explain the compass turning error

A

“UNOS”

Turning from the north the compass will want to stay on the northerly heading so it lags

Turning from the south the compass will want to align itself with the north so it leads your turn

29
Q

Explain the compass acceleration error

A

“ANDS”

On an easterly or westerly heading and under acceleration the compass will indicate a turn towards north

Under decceleration, the compass will indicate a turn towards to south

30
Q

What will the airspeed indicator read when the static port is blocked?

A

Erroneous readings

31
Q

What does the ADC provide us with?

A

Pitot static
OAT
TAS
Wind

32
Q

What does the AHRS provide us with?

A

Attitude and heading

Instruments & nav (2 decks)

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