Flight Controls Flashcards
Name all 6 Normal Law Protections
Load factor limitation Pitch attitude protection Angle of Attach protection High speed protection Bank angle protection Low energy warning
When does Normal Law begin?
End
When Ground mode ends after takeoff.
the flight mode is progressively blended in
Stops at 100ft going into Flare Mode.
The reverse process occurs after touchdown.
Define Maneuver Load Alleviation (MLA)
Redistribute the lift over wing to relieve structural loads on the outer wings
(bending moment)
MLA use what flight controls
Spoilers 4, 5, 6, and the Ailerons
When is MLA active?
Aircraft speed above 250
Flaps lever is in the 0 position
Normal or Alternate Law flight mode
With sidestick Neutral and wings level
how many Gs does the airplane have
With the sidestick neutral and wings level the system maintains a load factor of 1 G
When is Pitch Trim Frozen?
- Manual trim order
Radio Altitude below 100 ft for flare
Load Factor is lower that .5g
High Speed protection
In a turn up to 33 degrees, must you hold back pressure on the sidestick
NO
Once the turn is established, the sidestick can be released to neutral.
What happens in Flare Mode?
The flight mode changes to flare mode at landing when passing 100 ft. Flare mode is a direct stick-to-elevator relationship, with some damping provided by load factor and pitch rate feedbacks.
What happens at 50 feet in the flare?
At 50 feet a slight pitch down elevator order is applied so that the pilot has to move the sidestick rearwards to maintain a constant path, so as to reproduce conventional aircraft aerodynamic characteristics.
What happens to the trim on touchdown?
Following touchdown, as pitch attitude becomes less than 2.5 ° for more than 5 sec, pitch trim is automatically reset to 4 ° nose up
What are Load Factor limitation?
Normal load
Slats Retracted +2.5 to -1 g
Slats Extended +2.0 to 0 g
When is load Factor displayed?
and Where is it displayed?
Load factor is momentarily displayed on the lower ECAM whenever the G load is above 1.4 G, or below 0.7 G
What are Pitch Attitude Limitation?
Pitch attitude is limited to 30 ° nose up, progressively reduced to 25 ° at low speed, and is limited to 15 ° nose down.
If flying at the nose up limitation, pulling back on the sidestick has no effect. However, full nose down demands are still available.At the nose down limitation, the reverse is true. Pushing further on the sidestick would have no effect, but full nose up authority is still available
When are Pitch attitude limits displayed on the PFD as small green horizontal bars
When pitch attitude exceeds 25 ° nose up or 13 ° nose down, all PFD displays except attitude, speed, speed trend, heading, altitude and vertical speed disappear.
When does the PFD return to normal?
when the pitch angle returns to the region between 22 ° up and 10 ° down
What Happens Under Normal Law, when the Angle of Attack defined as Alpha Protection or Alpha Prot is reached,
the system switches the elevator control from Normal mode to a protection mode in which the Angle of Attack is proportional to the sidestick deflection
What happens at Alpha Prot and Alpha Max?
In the range between Alpha Prot and Alpha Max, the sidestick commands alpha directly. The autopilot will disconnect if this protection is active
What activates
Alpha Prot,
Alpha Max
and A. FLOOR
The conditions vary according to weight and configuration.
Alpha Prot and Alpha Max are computed by the PRIM.
A FLOOR logic is provided by the PRIM and is activated through the autothrust system.
How is A. Floor activated?
And what will it command?
At a critical Angle of Attack, A. FLOOR is activated through the autothrust system. Autothrust will command TOGA thrust regardless of thrust lever position
What must be done To leave
Angle of Attack Protection?
The sidestick must be pushed more than 8 ° forward,
must be pushed more than 0 ° forward for at least 1 sec (when alpha is less than Alpha Max), must be at neutral or pushed forward (when alpha is less than Alpha Prot)
What will you see on the FMA
When the aircraft exits A. FLOOR conditions
TOGO LK
How do you Cancel the TOGA LOCK
the pilot sets the thrust levers to the thrust required and then presses the A/THR instinctive disconnect pb
On the PFD airspeed scale what color is
Vls
Alpha Prot
Alpha Max
Vls is the top of the Yellow hook.
Alpha Prot is represented by the top end of the black and amber strip,
Alpha Max is represented by the top of the red strip.
What happens when High Speed is
activated?
the autopilot disconnects, pitch trim is frozen and positive spiral static stability is introduced so that with the sidestick released, the aircraft will always return to wings level
the bank angle limit is reduced from 67 ° to 45° The sidestick nose down authority is progressively reduced and a permanent nose up order is applied to aid recovery
Between what altitude is the
Low Energy Warning activated
100 ft and 2,000 ft in CONFIG 2, 3 and FULL, a low energy aural warning “SPEED SPEED SPEED” indicates to the pilot that thrust must be increased.
In Flight what is the roll rate of the rudder
the roll rate requested by the pilot is proportional to the sidestick deflection up to a maximum of 15 °/sec.
What 2 protections limit the bank angle to 45 degrees
If Angle of Attack Protection or High Speed Protection is active.
Autotrim is inoperative and the system maintains positive spiral static stability so that with the sidestick released, the aircraft returns to wings level
In Alternate Law
Is High Angle of Attack protection is lost?
YES
Is Bank Angle protection lost in ALT 2 Law
YES
5 things you Don’t have in
DIRECT Law
2 things you do have
No Protections. No Autopilot No Yawing damping No Turn Coordination No AutoTrim
- Aural Overspeed Warning
- Aural Stall Warning
